1. Linking HIS and GIS How to support the objective, transparent and robust calculation and publication of SWSI? Jeffery S. Horsburgh CUAHSI HIS Sharing hydrologic data

2. Combining GIS and HIS Demo Dynamic Display of Water Temperature

3. Physical Implementation Sensor Network Streaming Data Server CUAHSI HIS Server ODM Streaming Data Loader ODM ArcMap Documents SQL Server View

4. Potential SWSI System Architecture Data Processing and SWSI Calculation HIS Server ODM GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML NWIS SNOTEL NOAA-NCDC/NWS ASOS HIS Data Services Data Products and Services Web Map Based Display of SWSI WaterOneFlow Web Service(s) for inputs and outputs GIS Data Services WMS, WFS, WCS Digital Watershed SWSI Results WaterML Digital Watershed NHD Plus

5. Potential SWSI System Architecture Data Processing and Index Calculation HIS Server ODM GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML NWIS SNOTEL NOAA-NCDC/NWS ASOS HIS Data Services Data Products and Services Web Map Based Display of SWSI WaterOneFlow Web Service(s) for inputs and outputs GIS Data Services WMS, WFS, WCS Digital Watershed SWSI Results WaterML Digital Watershed NHD Plus

6. Digital Watershed NHDPlus Weather Streamflow A Digital Watershed connects geospatial and temporal water resources data Slide from David Maidment

7. Digital Watershed for Space-Time Data Conceptual basis/data model for integrating: – Spatial data (watersheds, streams, reservoirs, monitoring sites)  NHD Plus – Observations data (streamflow, snowpack, reservoir storage)  CUAHSI HIS Data Services – Modeling (creation of space-time datasets)  SWSI Calculation – Tools (visualization and analysis) Critical infrastructure role as a bridge or framework Digital Watershed Data Retrieval and Management Analysis, Modeling, and Visualization

8. Digital Representation of Watersheds Linking Observations with Hydrologic Objects Digital watershed = a structured collection of hydrologic objects (e.g., watersheds, stream reaches, reservoirs, monitoring sites, etc.) on which measurements are made The relationships between the objects provide the context to facilitate integrated modeling and analysis NHD Plus is one basis for a digital watershed – Relationships between important hydrologic objects are expressed CUAHSI HIS provides access to measurements that characterize the hydrologic objects

9. 9 Space, FeatureID Time, TSDateTime Variables, TSTypeID TSValue Digital Watershed Discrete Space-Time Data Model Slide From David Maidment

10. Digital Watershed Services Once populated, a digital watershed can support: – Data access services Data retrieval for hydrologic objects (catchments, gages, etc.) – Data analysis/manipulation services Statistical analyses – Computational/modeling services Spatial analyses, workflows, models – Presentation services Map generation, data visualization

11. Potential SWSI System Architecture Data Processing and SWSI Calculation HIS Server ODM GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML NWIS SNOTEL NOAA-NCDC/NWS ASOS HIS Data Services Data Products and Services Web Map Based Display of SWSI WaterOneFlow Web Service(s) for inputs and outputs GIS Data Services WMS, WFS, WCS Digital Watershed SWSI Results WaterML Digital Watershed NHD Plus

12. HIS Server Technology/software for serving data – Storage – Loading – Analysis – Publication Primarily uses free CUAHSI HIS Software Commercial software packages include: – ESRI ArcGIS Server – publication of spatial datasets – Microsoft SQL Server – publication of observation datasets

13. Data discovery, visualization, and analysis through Internet enabled applications Internet Data Presentation Point Observations Data GIS Data HIS Server ODM Database GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML Model Output

14. Potential SWSI System Architecture Data Processing and SWSI Calculation HIS Server ODM GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML NWIS SNOTEL NOAA-NCDC/NWS ASOS HIS Data Services Data Products and Services Web Map Based Display of SWSI WaterOneFlow Web Service(s) for inputs and outputs GIS Data Services (WMS, WFS, WCS) WaterML Digital Watershed NHD Plus

15. CUAHSI WaterOneFlow Web Services “ Getting the Browser Out of the Way” ODM Database Data Consumer SQL Queries GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterML Query Response Standard protocols provide platform independent data access

16. Potential SWSI System Architecture Data Processing and SWSI Calculation HIS Server ODM GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML NWIS SNOTEL NOAA-NCDC/NWS ASOS HIS Data Services Data Products and Services Web Map Based Display of SWSI WaterOneFlow Web Service(s) for inputs and outputs GIS Data Services (WMS, WFS, WCS) WaterML Digital Watershed NHD Plus

17. Data Processing and SWSI Calculation Processed/aggregated data (SWSI inputs) stored in the digital watershed – Enables multiple users to access the same data Hydrologic connectivity of the digital watershed enables us to expose specific inputs underlying SWSI for each watershed – Which gages are used? – Which SNOTEL Sites are within the watershed? – Precipitation sites?

18. Potential SWSI System Architecture Data Processing and SWSI Calculation HIS Server ODM GetSites GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues WaterOneFlow Web Service WaterML NWIS SNOTEL NOAA-NCDC/NWS ASOS HIS Data Services Data Products and Services Web Map Based Display of SWSI WaterOneFlow Web Service(s) for inputs and outputs GIS Data Services (WMS, WFS, WCS) WaterML Digital Watershed NHD Plus

19. Potential Data Products and Services HIS Server Publication of SWSI – ODM Database to store SWSI Input data used to calculate SWSI Calculated SWSI values – Published Digital Watershed WaterML based Web Services for: – Calculated SWSI Values – Inputs used in SWSI calculations Web Map/Feature/Raster geospatial data services – Map based display of SWSI Internet map application that presents visualizations Time Series Analyst display of SWSI time series

20. Desktop Hydrologic Information System Interactive Definition/Calculation of Custom SWSI Values Observations User-Defined Custom SWSI Digital Watershed SWSI Values HIS DesktopHIS Server GIS Data Services Observation Services

21. Needs Robust web services for input datasets – Ensure completeness of existing services (USGS NWIS, NRCS SNOTEL, NCDC, etc.) – Decide how to get data with no Web Services – e.g., reservoir storage Precise specification of the SWSI calculation process – Inputs – Methods, parameters, weights, etc. – Outputs

22. Questions for Discussion How automated should the SWSI calculation be? How to handle datasets for which no WaterOneFlow Web Services exist (reservoir storage)? How to handle updates to SWSI calculations that are initially based on provisional data? Data access and publication agreements/restrictions. Is it important that the system expose all assumptions and input data (objective calculations)? How do we make the system objective, transparent, and robust? What are the requirements for custom SWSI calculation and display?

23. NHDPlus Reach Catchments ~ 3km 2 About 1000 reach catchments in each 8-digit HUC Average reach length = 2km 2.3 million reaches for continental US Slide from David Maidment

24. NHDPlus Reach Attributes Slope Elevation Mean annual flow – Corresponding velocity Drainage area % of upstream drainage area in different land uses Stream order Slide from David Maidment