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Climate http://i1.trekearth.com/photos/112254/kenya_1_093-4.jpg
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Nyeri + Othaya
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http://pdf.wri.org/kenya_atlas_11_uppertana_ch8_300.pdf
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Altitude: 1500-2000m Annual Rainfall 1200-1600mm in 4/5 yrs (PA=1022mm) Cold to warm, wet, medium altitude region Nyeri district = 3,356sq.km land, 0km water District of Nyeri http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQndni_sC8BAcBMxArG_9ZtiYI6EDSs36PZdPTnIgu0p LG5JUoz FAO
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Nyeri Othaya Classification: semi-humid Annual Average Rainfall (mm): 800-1400 Average Annual Potential Evaporation: 1450-2200 Vegetation: Dry forest + moist woodland Potential for Plant Growth: medium-high Risk of Failure of an Adapted Maize Crop: fairly low (5-10%) Mean annual Temp (C): 16-18 Mean Max Temp: 22-24 Mean Min Temp: 10-12 Abs. Min Temp: 2-4 Night Frost: Very Rare Classification: sub-humid Annual Average Rainfall (mm): 1000- 1600 Average Annual Potential Evaporation: 1300-2100 Vegetation: moist and dry forest Potential for Plant Growth: high Risk of Failure of an Adapted Maize Crop: very low (1-5%) Mean annual Temp (C): 16-18 Mean Max Temp: 22-24 Mean Min Temp: 10-12 Abs. Min Temp: 2-4 Night Frost: Very Rare Data from 1980 Map
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Elevation FAO: 1996
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Precipitation FAO: -Last updated in 2000 -averaged over 37 years
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NyeriOthaya NyeriOthaya 2001Elevation:1500-1800m1800-2100m 1961 The probability of obtaining less than 20in (500mm) of rain a year 0-10% The probability of obtaining less than 30in (760mm) of rain a year 20-30% 0-10% 1961Mean Annual Rainfall760-1010mm1010-1270mm Info from maps in PSU Library
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Precipitation- Nyeri Harvesting/Land PrepPlantingHarvesting/ Land PreparationPlanting Long Rains Short Rains JanFebMarAprMayJuneJulyAugSeptOctNovDec -1961 Map in PSU Library -average of 6 years
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-1961 Map in PSU Library -average of 6 years myweather2: No information provide on time period from which the data was collected
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Rainy Days myweather2
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Humidity myweather2
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Temperature FAO: -Last updated in 1991 -averaged over 37 years
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Temperature- Nyeri myweather2 Nyeri and Othaya (1980) Mean annual Temp (C): 16-18 Mean Max Temp: 22-24 Mean Min Temp: 10-12 Abs. Min Temp: 2-4 Night Frost: Very Rare
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Wind myweather2
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Length of Growing Period FAO: -Last updated in 2000 -averaged over 37 years
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Kenya Soils
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3 major soil orders Oxisols Ultisols Alfisols
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Oxisols Strongly weathered Little texture variation with depth Clay sized Fe and Al oxides Very red due the presence of Fe
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Ultisols “red clay soils” High clay in B horizon Acidic Leached <35% base saturation Deficient in calcium and potassium
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Alfisols High clay in B horizon ≥ 35% base saturation Form in semi-arid to humid areas Generally drier areas than oxisols & ultisols Moderate to high fertility
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Natural Vegetation
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What to find… http://ecodiv.org/trapnell/trapnellol.html
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Othaya: Moist Montane Forest Highly diverse in species – Potential for ecotourism – Many diverse tree species help with agro forestry, food diversification, new crop potential Patches of wetland and open grassland Higher rainfall
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Nyeri: Dry Intermediate Forest Not as diverse or productive in tree growth Dry grassland present Does have native medicinal trees – Combretum molle (Swahili: Mlama) Quick growing Good for burning, tool implements Parts used for treating snakebites, hookworm, stomach pains etc.
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Water Conservation
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Water Conservation: The Need Difficulty growing crops Rainfall becoming more unreliable Land degradation Loss of nutrients http://www.sustainabilityninja.com/wp- content/uploads/2009/04/river-drying-up.jpg
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Water Conservation: Loss of water Major causes: – Overgrazing – Deforestation – Tillage – Over cropping
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Water Conservation: Existing Methods (NOT very widespread) Rooftop water harvesting Retention pits Reduced Tillage
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Water Conservation: Potential Methods Cover crops Replanting trees (Agro forestry) Rotational grazing Crop rotation Mulching Build up soil structure Increase existing methods
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Rotational Grazing Rotate pastures and animals – Cow – Pig – Goat/Sheep – Chicken
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