1. YAY! NOUNS AND VERBS

2. PRACTICE QUIZ ANSWER KEY Nouns Tammy was appointed spokesperson for the group. (3) The surprise was four tickets to Hawaii. (3) One book talked about the crash of the Titanic. (3)

3. PRACTICE QUIZ ANSWER KEY Verbs I was going to get dinner, so I tried to unplug the coffee pot. (3) One day the king was thinking about his daughters and he had an idea. He formed a plan to find husbands for them. (4) When it came time for the three daughters to marry, the king announced his plan. (3) The king is very clever and knows which suitors his daughters like. (3)

4. NOUNS Definition: A person, place, thing, or idea Person Ex: Sarah was not thrilled to review nouns Place Ex: I went to homecoming this weekend at Kaneland High School Thing Ex: I wish I could have a PB&J sandwich. Idea Ex: The pursuit of happiness is not always easy

5. NOUNS Common Nouns: regular words that are not specific My dog loves to cuddle That coffee shop closes early on Sundays Proper Nouns: specific persons, places, or things Tucker loves to cuddle Dolce Casa closes early on Sundays

6. PRONOUNS Definition: A word used in place of a noun or more than one noun We use them to help make our speech less repetitive and awkward. Antecedent: The noun or group of nouns a pronoun replaces. Not always found in the same sentence as the pronoun Ex: The Doctor is mysterious. He is also crabby. antecedentpronoun

7. FIND THE PRONOUN AND ANTECEDENT Example 1: Ms. Fuchs was hyped-up on coffee while making her grammar lesson plans. Ms. Fuchs was hyped-up on coffee while creating her grammar lesson plans. Example 2: The man sitting next to her had an interesting beard. It almost touched the table. Her = Ms. Fuchs; It=beard

8. PERSONAL PRONOUNS First Person personal pronouns (the person speaking) SingularPlural I, my, mine, meWe, our ours, us Second Person personal pronouns (the person spoken to) SingularPlural You, your, yours Third Person personal pronouns (some other person or thing spoken about) SingularPlural He, his, him, she, her, hers, it, itsThey, their, theirs, them Not okay to use in formal papersOkay to use

9. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS Reflexive Pronouns: self forms of personal pronouns used to refer to the subject of the sentence Ex: Your brought this on yourself. Tip: If you can take the reflexive pronoun out of the sentence, the sentence will no longer make sense MyselfOurselves YourselfYourselves Himself, herself, itselfThemselves

10. INTENSIVE PRONOUNS Intensive Pronouns: the self form of pronouns, but they are used to add emphasis to another noun or pronoun in the sentence other than the subject Ex: He himself, the Grinch, carved the roast beast Tip: You could leave an intensive pronoun out of the sentence and the sentence would still make sense

11. RELATIVE PRONOUNS Relative Pronouns: used to introduce adjective clauses Adjective Clause: A group of words in a sentence that is usually separated by commas and describes a noun Ex: Billy, who is my favorite podiatrist, likes to juggle.

12. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS Interrogative Pronouns: used in questions Who…? What…? Whom…? Which…? Ex: Who is your favorite podiatrist?

13. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS Demonstrative Pronouns: used to point out a specific person or thing This That These Those Ex: I like that. Ex: These are my least favorite shoes.

14. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS Indefinite Pronouns: don’t refer to a definite person or thing; frequently used without antecedents Ex: Everyone loves red pandas. Ex: Most are adorable. AllEachMoreOne AnotherEitherMostOther AnyEverybodyMuchSeveral AnybodyEveryoneNeitherSome AnyoneEverythingNobodySomebody AnythingFewNoneSomeone BothManyNo one

15. USING THESE PICTURES, WRITE AS MANY SENTENCES WITH PRONOUNS AS YOU CAN

16. VERBS Definition: A word that expresses an action or helps make a statement Verbs can show different times through tense forms Present tense Actions that are happening right now She runs fast Past tense Actions that took place in the past She ran fast Future tense Actions that will take place in the future She will run fast

17. VERB TREE Verbs are either Action Linking Or Helping/Auxiliary

18. ACTION VERBS Actions Verbs: express an action…duh Ex: run, jump, do, go Not all actions can be seen (ex: know, believe, think, remember) Which are the action verbs? The cat coughed up a hair ball The cheese melted She remembered her homework

19. LINKING VERBS Linking verbs: help to make a statement by acting as a link between two words. They do not express an action Also known as state of being verbs Linking verbs could be replaced by an equals sign and the sentence would still mean the same thing Ex: Lucky is a leprechaun Means the same thing as “Lucky = a leprechaun”

20. LINKING VERBS Most common linking verbs *Some of these are part of verb phrases, which we will focus on later this year BeBeingAm Shall beWill beHas been Should beWould beCan be IsAreWas WereHave beenHad been Shall have beenWill have beenShould have been

21. LINKING VERBS Other common linking (state of being) verbs Some of the above linking verbs can also act as action verbs Ex: The dog smelled horrible. (Linking) Ex: The dog smelled the bug. (Action) AppearGrowSeemsStay BecomeLookSmellTaste FeelRemainsoundTurn

22. HELPING VERBS Helping Verbs: a form of the verb BE that helps express an action Sometimes the helping verb and the main verb are together Ex: She will run soon Sometimes the helping verb and the main verb are separated by other words Ex: We could never have moved that car alone

23. HELPING VERBS Examples of Helping Verbs HaveHadHas CanShallShould AmAreDid DoesWasWere MayMightMust Be