1. C H A P T E R Innisfree McKinnon University of Oregon © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Outline 13 The Intermontane West

2. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Objectives Environmental Setting –Physiographic subregions –The Great Missoula flood –Climate and vegetation Historical Settlement –Hispanic, Mormon, Doukhobor, and Basque settlers –Retirees

3. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Objectives Political Economy –National parks & recreation –Water law –The mining economy Culture, People, Places –Largest U.S. and Canadian cities

4. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Physiographic provinces Basin and Range Great Columbia Plain Colorado Plateau

5. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. The Great MissoulaFlood

7. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Weather & Climate Arid & semiarid Orographic lifting Rain shadow from Sierra Nevada & Cascades Four climate zones: –Subhumid – mountainous Oregon, Washington, Idaho –Semiarid – Columbia Plateau –Moderately arid – Great Basin in Nevada & Utah –Extremely arid – Mojave Desert, Death Valley, etc

8. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Vegetation Latitude –In the south = dry sage & scrub –Towards the north = woodland & forest Altitude –Low elevations = grassland –Mid elevations = scrub –Higher elevations = forests

9. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Indigenous People's Pop. centers near rivers & sources of water In the south – irrigated agriculture Further north – semi-nomadic hunting & gathering

10. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Spanish & Mexican Settlement Some parts of the region influenced by Spanish exploration & settlement in Mexamerica First mining and ranching in the region Cultural imprints: architectural styles, restaurants, place names, Catholic churches

11. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. (Rugged topography, dry climate) large areas unsuited to agriculture Discontinuous Settlement

12. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. The Latter Day Saints 1847 – first settlers Joseph Smith killed in the east Brigham Young led Mormon settlers to Salt Lake Valley Founded Salt Lake City Intended to create "Deseret" – a large Mormon controlled area

13. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

14. The Mormon landscape Church defined settlement patterns Small villages surrounded by farm fields Houses in the Greek Revival style Irrigation ditches border streets Rows of Lombardy poplar trees

15. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. 19 th & Early 20 th Century Settlement Many immigrants from the Great Plains and eastern U.S. & Canada Basque sheepherders Russian Doukhobors Health migrants – tuberculosis/"consumption"

16. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Russian Doukhobors Religious groups from Russia Refused to serve in the Russian army Encouraged to settle in Saskatchewan Trouble integrating Moved to Kooteny River Valley, B.C.

17. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. "Snowbirds"

18. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Farming, Ranching, and Water Irrigation key to agriculture in the region In England – the person with land next to water has the right to use the water Appropriation – the first person to use the water has rights Frequent conflicts over water rights

19. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Sprawl & Water Resources

20. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Mining & Settlement Numerous mining settlement rushes Newcomers were largely young men without families Many settlers came to provide services to miners Boom & bust economies "Ghost towns"

21. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Mining & Mineral Resources

22. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Tertiary & Quaternary Sectors Very little manufacturing Large % of workers in the service sector Large % work for government agencies Growing tourist industry

23. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Tourism & Recreation Many National Parks –Ex. Yellowstone Restored ghost towns Skiing/Winter sports Gambling - Nevada

24. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. The pop. of Nevada concentrated near borders Liberal laws encourage travel across the border to gambling & liquor Gambling and the "border effect"

25. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Government Research Two important centers for gov. research Los Alamos, New Mexico –Center for atomic bomb research Hanford Air Force Base –Richland, WA –Research into nuclear energy

26. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Intermontane & Women's Rights Women's role in settlement valued 1869 Wyoming was first to give women the vote 1924 Wyoming elected the first female U.S. state governor 1915 Montana - the first women in the U.S. House of Representatives Kim Campbell the first women prime minister in Canada – B.C.

27. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Most cities located near Columbia & Kooteny rivers Kelowna – tourism, wine-making Places in the Canadian Intermontane

28. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Large cities –Spokane WA –Moscow & Lewiston, ID –Pullman, WA Eastern Oregon = spare settlement –Cities along the Snake & Columbia rivers –The Dalles, Hermiston, La Grande Northern U.S. Intermontane

29. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Salt Lake City Large urbanized area Includes Ogden, Logan, & Provo Central & southern Utah = sparse pop. Places in Utah

30. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. >50% pop. in Nevada lives in Las Vegas >75% of pop. in Arizona lives in Phoenix & Tucson >75% of pop. in Utah lives in and around urban Salt Lake valley Largely urbanized population

31. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. The Future of the Intermontane Increasing urbanization & pop. pressure Increasing recreation & potential environmental damage Water shortages

32. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. End of Chapter 13