1. Crystalline Structure

2. Unit Cells The kind of symmetry found throughout a crystalline substance is determined by the type of unit cell which generates the lattice structure. Simple cubic Body-centered cubic Face-centered cubic Monoclinic HexagonalTetragonal

3. Simple cubic Body-centered cubic Face-centered cubic

4. Cubic

5. Body-Centered Cubic

6. Face-Centered Cubic

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9. Phosphorous (P 4 ) TWO ALLOTROPIC FORMS White phosphorous spontaneously ignites Red phosphorous used for matches Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry  2002, page 457

10. Sodium Chloride Crystal Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry  2002, page 455 = Cl - = Na +

11. Packing of NaCl Ions Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry  2002, page 456 = Na 1+ = Cl 1-

12. Packing of NaCl Ions Electron Microscope Photograph of NaCl

13. Molecular Structure of Ice Hydrogen bonding Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry  2002, page 455