1. Matter and Properties Chapter 11 5 th grade science

2. Elements __________ - anything that takes up space and has mass. __________ - basic building blocks of matter Elements combine to form other kinds of ______ Elements can not be broken down into smaller pieces by either _________ or ________ processes. Matter elements Matter chemicalphysical

3. Properties of Matter Each element has its own set of ________ and __________ properties. Properties are used to identify _________ _____________ - materials change into other materials. ______________ - can be measured without changing the material. physical chemical elements Chemical properties Physical properties

4. Physical Properties ________ _______ ______ _______ Physical properties can be observed, described and measured using: – ______-_________________ – ___________-____________ color odor mass volume texture hardness Rulers microscopes Scales and balances thermometers

5. Metals More than 75% of the Earths elements are _______ Metals have ____________ of : – ___________ – _________________ metals Physical properties Luster (shine) bendable Conduct heat energy Conduct electricity

6. Weight and Mass ______ - measure of the pull on gravity on an object Weight changes when the pull of _______ changes. _____ - the amount of matter in an object The amount of ______ affects the ________ of an object ______and _______ are NOT the same weight gravity mass weight massweight

7. Volume Mass is measured in _______, ________, or ________ _______ - the amount of space that an objects takes up Volume is measured in _________ The formula for finding the volume of a box is: – ____________________________________ grams milligrams kilograms volume Cubic units Volume(V) = Length (L) x Width (W) x Height (H)

8. Density ______ - a measure of the amount of matter in a given volume. The formula for finding _______ is ______ divided by ________ or D=M/V. The unit of measurement for density is ________________ Density is a _______ property of a substance. Density is the ______ no matter how much of the substance is measured. density Density (D)Mass (M) Volume (V) Cubic centimeters (cm³) Physical same

9. Buoyancy An object is __________ if it __________. _____________ depends on ___________ If the objects ______ is _________ the liquid’s __________, the object will _______. Ocean water has dissolved salt in it, therefore ocean water is ___________ than fresh water. Lesson Checkpoint page 347 (1 and 2) buoyantfloats buoyancydensity Less than densityfloat More dense

10. Atoms ______ - the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of the element. Atoms are too small to be seen even with a __________. The properties of an element determine how an element can _______with other elements. _________ - the center of an atom atom microscope combine nucleus

11. Parts of an atom The nucleus has both the _______ and ______ ________ - has no electrical charge ________ - has a positive charge ________ - have a negative charge and move around the ________ and _________ Electrons may ____or ______ electrons or be ________ between ______ Elements are organized in the _____________ neutronsprotons neutron proton electrons neutronsprotons joinleave sharedatoms Periodic Table

12. Elements are arranged in each _____ according to the number of _______ ______atoms are on the ________ side of each row. The _________ of the table are arranged so that the elements of each column have similar _______________ ___________ - last column on the right row protons largerright columns Chemical properties Noble Gases

13. Molecules Every element has a symbol of one, two, or three ______ ___________ - the smallest particle of a substance that has the properties of that substance. In some molecules, atoms _____ electrons – these atoms are _________ together. ____ is a mixture of several different molecules of gases – Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carb letters Molecule share bonded air

14. Compounds __________ - type of matter made up of _________ of elements Every ________ of a _________ has the same combination of _________ Every water ________ has the same three ____ ___________of compounds are different than the properties of the ________ that make them up compounds combination moleculecompound elements molecule atoms properties elements

15. Phases of Matter Phases of matter include: ________, ________, ____, and _________ The phase of matter is due to the _______ and __________ of its particles. State of matter = _____________ solid liquid gas motion arrangement Physical property plasma

16. Solids / Liquids Solids have a definite __________ and ___________ The particles of a solid ________ in place. Particles of solids are _______________ __________ do not have their own ______ - they take on the shape of their container Particles in liquids can ______ and _______ past each other Liquids have a definite __________ shape volume vibrate Very close together liquidsshape moveflow volume

17. Freezing and Melting ____________ and ___________ are physical properties A material _________ at the same temperature that it ______ Freezing point is _________ for different materials. __________ does not change for any particular material unless something is added to it. Freezing pointMelting point Freezes melts different Freezing point

18. Properties of Freezing and Melting Materials change _____ when they change ____________ The ______a material gets, the _______ its particles move. When materials are heated they ________ - particles move further apart. When materials are cooled, they ________ and have less space between the particles size temperatures hotterfaster expand contract

19. Gases Particles of gases are __________ Gases in a container will spread out to ___ the container Gases do not have a definite _______ or _______ ____________ - temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas - ____________ Boiling point for a substance does not change Far apart fill shape volume Boiling point Physical property

20. Plasma No definite shape or volume Some properties of gases Particles that make up plasma have electrical charges – plasma ______________ Plasmas are found in: – _________ – _____ – ______________ Conducts electricity Lightning fire Fluorescent lights

21. Condensation __________ - gas changes to a liquid Condensation occurs when gases are _______ Particles ___________ and begin to _______ each other to form ___________ condensation cooled Slow downattract droplets

22. Mixtures and Solutions ________ - materials that are placed together but are not bonded to form a ________ Materials in a mixture keep their own _________ Materials in mixtures can be ________ because they have different properties. ________ - a mixture in which substances are spread out evenly and will not settle mixture compound properties separated solution

23. Solute / Solvent _______ - the substance in a solution that __________ ________ - the substance in which the solute is being dissolved. Water = _______________ When particles of a ________ dissolve, individual particles spread throughout the ________ solute dissolves solvent Universal Solvent solute solvent

24. Solubility Two liquids can make a ________ A _____ can dissolve in a liquid – example dissolved oxygen in the river and creek water that we tested!!! _________ - a property of a substance that indicates how much of a substance can be dissolved by a ________ at a certain ____________. solution gas solubility solvent temperature

25. Saturated / Concentrated / Dilute _________ - a solution that contains all the solute that can be dissolved without changing the __________ _________ - solution has so much solute that it is relatively close to being _________ _________ - solution is far from being ________ saturated temperature concentration saturated dilute saturated