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Matter and Properties Chapter 11 5 th grade science
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Elements __________ - anything that takes up space and has mass. __________ - basic building blocks of matter Elements combine to form other kinds of ______ Elements can not be broken down into smaller pieces by either _________ or ________ processes. Matter elements Matter chemicalphysical
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Properties of Matter Each element has its own set of ________ and __________ properties. Properties are used to identify _________ _____________ - materials change into other materials. ______________ - can be measured without changing the material. physical chemical elements Chemical properties Physical properties
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Physical Properties ________ _______ ______ _______ Physical properties can be observed, described and measured using: – ______-_________________ – ___________-____________ color odor mass volume texture hardness Rulers microscopes Scales and balances thermometers
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Metals More than 75% of the Earths elements are _______ Metals have ____________ of : – ___________ – _________________ metals Physical properties Luster (shine) bendable Conduct heat energy Conduct electricity
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Weight and Mass ______ - measure of the pull on gravity on an object Weight changes when the pull of _______ changes. _____ - the amount of matter in an object The amount of ______ affects the ________ of an object ______and _______ are NOT the same weight gravity mass weight massweight
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Volume Mass is measured in _______, ________, or ________ _______ - the amount of space that an objects takes up Volume is measured in _________ The formula for finding the volume of a box is: – ____________________________________ grams milligrams kilograms volume Cubic units Volume(V) = Length (L) x Width (W) x Height (H)
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Density ______ - a measure of the amount of matter in a given volume. The formula for finding _______ is ______ divided by ________ or D=M/V. The unit of measurement for density is ________________ Density is a _______ property of a substance. Density is the ______ no matter how much of the substance is measured. density Density (D)Mass (M) Volume (V) Cubic centimeters (cm³) Physical same
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Buoyancy An object is __________ if it __________. _____________ depends on ___________ If the objects ______ is _________ the liquid’s __________, the object will _______. Ocean water has dissolved salt in it, therefore ocean water is ___________ than fresh water. Lesson Checkpoint page 347 (1 and 2) buoyantfloats buoyancydensity Less than densityfloat More dense
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Atoms ______ - the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of the element. Atoms are too small to be seen even with a __________. The properties of an element determine how an element can _______with other elements. _________ - the center of an atom atom microscope combine nucleus
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Parts of an atom The nucleus has both the _______ and ______ ________ - has no electrical charge ________ - has a positive charge ________ - have a negative charge and move around the ________ and _________ Electrons may ____or ______ electrons or be ________ between ______ Elements are organized in the _____________ neutronsprotons neutron proton electrons neutronsprotons joinleave sharedatoms Periodic Table
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Elements are arranged in each _____ according to the number of _______ ______atoms are on the ________ side of each row. The _________ of the table are arranged so that the elements of each column have similar _______________ ___________ - last column on the right row protons largerright columns Chemical properties Noble Gases
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Molecules Every element has a symbol of one, two, or three ______ ___________ - the smallest particle of a substance that has the properties of that substance. In some molecules, atoms _____ electrons – these atoms are _________ together. ____ is a mixture of several different molecules of gases – Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carb letters Molecule share bonded air
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Compounds __________ - type of matter made up of _________ of elements Every ________ of a _________ has the same combination of _________ Every water ________ has the same three ____ ___________of compounds are different than the properties of the ________ that make them up compounds combination moleculecompound elements molecule atoms properties elements
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Phases of Matter Phases of matter include: ________, ________, ____, and _________ The phase of matter is due to the _______ and __________ of its particles. State of matter = _____________ solid liquid gas motion arrangement Physical property plasma
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Solids / Liquids Solids have a definite __________ and ___________ The particles of a solid ________ in place. Particles of solids are _______________ __________ do not have their own ______ - they take on the shape of their container Particles in liquids can ______ and _______ past each other Liquids have a definite __________ shape volume vibrate Very close together liquidsshape moveflow volume
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Freezing and Melting ____________ and ___________ are physical properties A material _________ at the same temperature that it ______ Freezing point is _________ for different materials. __________ does not change for any particular material unless something is added to it. Freezing pointMelting point Freezes melts different Freezing point
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Properties of Freezing and Melting Materials change _____ when they change ____________ The ______a material gets, the _______ its particles move. When materials are heated they ________ - particles move further apart. When materials are cooled, they ________ and have less space between the particles size temperatures hotterfaster expand contract
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Gases Particles of gases are __________ Gases in a container will spread out to ___ the container Gases do not have a definite _______ or _______ ____________ - temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas - ____________ Boiling point for a substance does not change Far apart fill shape volume Boiling point Physical property
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Plasma No definite shape or volume Some properties of gases Particles that make up plasma have electrical charges – plasma ______________ Plasmas are found in: – _________ – _____ – ______________ Conducts electricity Lightning fire Fluorescent lights
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Condensation __________ - gas changes to a liquid Condensation occurs when gases are _______ Particles ___________ and begin to _______ each other to form ___________ condensation cooled Slow downattract droplets
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Mixtures and Solutions ________ - materials that are placed together but are not bonded to form a ________ Materials in a mixture keep their own _________ Materials in mixtures can be ________ because they have different properties. ________ - a mixture in which substances are spread out evenly and will not settle mixture compound properties separated solution
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Solute / Solvent _______ - the substance in a solution that __________ ________ - the substance in which the solute is being dissolved. Water = _______________ When particles of a ________ dissolve, individual particles spread throughout the ________ solute dissolves solvent Universal Solvent solute solvent
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Solubility Two liquids can make a ________ A _____ can dissolve in a liquid – example dissolved oxygen in the river and creek water that we tested!!! _________ - a property of a substance that indicates how much of a substance can be dissolved by a ________ at a certain ____________. solution gas solubility solvent temperature
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Saturated / Concentrated / Dilute _________ - a solution that contains all the solute that can be dissolved without changing the __________ _________ - solution has so much solute that it is relatively close to being _________ _________ - solution is far from being ________ saturated temperature concentration saturated dilute saturated
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