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Mini Quiz- Half Sheet H = 1.01 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol S = 32.07 g/mol, N = 14.01 g/mol, I = 126.90 g/mol 1.How many grams in 3.4 x 10 23 molecules of H 2 SO 4 ? 2. How many molecules are there in 0.40 g of N 2 I 6 ?
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Nuclear Chemistry
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Unstable Nuclei Often nuclei of very large atoms are unstable… Unstable Nuclei Stable Nuclei + Energy
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Cause of Instability A p + to n o ratio that is not close to 1:1 Example: Polonium (Po) has 84 protons and 125 neutrons Radioactive Oxygen has 8 protons and 8 neutrons Not Radioactive
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Nuclear Reaction Reaction that affects the nucleus of an atom. Radioactive decay: Spontaneous disintegration of a nucleus into a slight lighter nucleus. Particles and energy can be emitted. This is called nuclear radiation
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92-Uranium-238 92 protons and 146 neutrons Radioactive nuclide Undergoes a series of radioactive decay
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3 Main types of radioactive decay Alpha Beta Gamma
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Alpha Particle Nucleus of a Helium atom 2 p + and 2 n o Mass = 4, Atomic number = 2
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Beta Particle neutron to proton ratio that is too high Mass = 0, number -1
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Gamma Radiation High energy electromagnetic waves (light) No mass Pure energy
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Radiation Exposure
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Balancing Nuclear Equations 212-4 = 208 mass of new element 84-2 = 82 atomic number of new element
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Balancing Nuclear Equations
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Practice! Alpha emission of 92-U-238 Alpha emission of 90-Th-232 Beta emission of 88-Ra-228 Beta emission of 82-Pb-210
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Uses for Nuclear Radiation
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Nuclear Fission Heavy nuclei splits into more stable nuclei Releases enormous amount of energy
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Nuclear Reactors
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Nuclear Fusion 2 small nuclei form a larger nuclei, producing a crazy amount of energy.
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Warm Up What is the difference between nuclear fission and fusion?
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Nuclear Reactors
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Nuclear Fusion 2 small nuclei form a larger nuclei, producing a crazy amount of energy.
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Questions on Vegium? Check your calculations… do you have the right number of SF?
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Check your Isotope WS Do you have any questions on these calculations?
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Work I’m Collecting Vegium Unit 2 Review Atomic Structure WS- (3 worksheets on 1 sheet) Isotope WS
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