1. Full-scale Reflective Cracking Test Update Presented to: FAA Airport Pavement Working Group Meeting By: Hao Yin, Ph.D., P.E. Gemini Technologies, Inc. Date: April 24, 2012

2. Acknowledgement FAA Dr. Satish Agrawal Dr. Gordon Hayhoe Donald Babargallo Ryan Rutter Frank Petch Murphy Flynn SRA Chuck Teubert Jerry Connelly Renaldo Aponte Jeff Stein Gupta Durgesh David Traverzo Pochtar Daniel Bing Xiao Henry Fermin RMD Roy McQueen Christopher Deker

3. Generate information from full-scale tests (NAPTF) to assist in the improvement of current design procedures for AC overlay on rigid airport pavements. Objective

4. Evaluate the initiation and propagation of bottom-up reflection cracks due to temperature effect acting alone (thermally induced fatigue), assuming intact PCC slabs. Scope Nunn, M., 1 st RILEM 1989

5. 1. Pavement Temperature: T=32 o F,  T=17 o F Key Parameters

6. 2. Horizontal Displacement at Joint: 15 mils Key Parameters

7. 3. Loading Rate ? 4. AC-PCC Interface Bond ? Key Parameters

8. Progress Since 2011 Laboratory tests Construction, instrumentation, and data collection Temperature Effect Simulation System (TESS) tune-up and enhancements Trial test

9. Texas Overlay Tester Temp: 32 o F Max Hori Dip: 15 mils Loading Rate: 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 mil/sec Determination of Loading Rate

10. Overlay Tester Results 0.05

11. Interface Bond Experiment steel rakeheavy broom Straight Asphalt Emulsion

12. Bond Strength Test Temp: 32 o F Loading Rate: 0.05 mil/sec

13. Bond Strength Test

14. PG 64-22 Straight Asphalt and Heavy Broom Bond Strength Test

15. Temperature Unit Re-design

16. P-401 (PG 64-22) Subgrade P-209 (Dense Graded Aggregate) P-501 5” 12” P-501 8” 6” Pavement Construction

20. Instrumentation Layout ASG/CSG T 1.5’ TTT T T T 12.0’ L L L L L L North South Surface SG

21. Data Collection

22. Mishap Before Overlay South North

23. N S E W Force, 92,000 lb Force -85,000 lb Mishap After Overlay -46 mil 56 mil Ten Com

24. N S E W Ten Com Mishap After Overlay

26. Crack Arrester

27. Trial Test Feb 27 – March 15 AC/PCC interface temperature: 32 o F Max Hori Dis: 0.015 in 600 sec per cycle 144 cycles per day Total of 2641 cycles

28. Hydraulic Control

29. Hydraulic Control – Cont.

30. Hori Dis Along Joint NorthSouth

31. Pavement Temperature

32. Crack Development 36 Cycles

33. Crack Development 180 Cycles

34. Crack initiation

35. Dynamic Modulus 430,000

36. Temperature: 14 o F Loading Rate: 8 mil/sec (0.5 in/min) Tensile Strength Lab = 500 psi Buttlar et al. 2011 Tensile Strength Field = 200 psi Tensile Strength: Field vs. Lab

37. Crack Development 280 Cycles

38. Actuator Force

39. Crack Development 2641 Cycles 17” 37.5”

40. Surface SG Response

43. Embedded SG Response

44. Future Activities Experiment instrumentation Mill existing AC and overlay Full-scale test Laboratory tests Fracture energy of AC Creep compliance of AC Tensile strength of AC Thermal Coefficient of PCC

45. Image Recording - North

46. Image Recording - South