1. Sexual reproduction _____. A. requires haploid gametes B
Sexual reproduction _____ A. requires haploid gametes B. results in a diploid zygote C. creates offspring that ae genetically different from the parents D. all of the above
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2. Homologous chromosomes are found in _____. A. eggs B. sperm C
Homologous chromosomes are found in _____ A. eggs B. sperm C. diploid body cells D. both A and B
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3. Homologous chromosomes _____. A. have the same centromere position B
Homologous chromosomes _____ A. have the same centromere position B. contain genes for the same traits C. are the same length D. all of the above
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4. Gametes _____. A. are diploid B
Gametes _____ A. are diploid B. contain only one chromosome of each kind C. have the same number of chromosomes as the body cells D. all of the above
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5. Once duplicated, a chromosome is composed of two identical parts called _____ A. sister chromatids B. centromeres C. homologous chromosomes D. chiasmata
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6. Replication of the DNA occurs _____. A. prior to meiosis I B
Replication of the DNA occurs _____ A. prior to meiosis I B. prior to meiosis II
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7. Homologous chromosomes separate during _____. A. meiosis I B
Homologous chromosomes separate during _____ A. meiosis I B. meiosis II
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8. A bivalent contains _____ chromatids. A. one B. two C. three D. four

9. At the completion of meiosis II, there are _____ daughter cells. A
At the completion of meiosis II, there are _____ daughter cells A. two haploid B. two diploid C. four haploid D. four diploid
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10. The diploid number of chromosomes is restored after _____ so that an animal's body cells contain the diploid number of chromosomes A. meiosis I B. meiosis II C. fertilization
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11. Synapsis results in _____. A. a bivalent B
Synapsis results in _____ A. a bivalent B. the diploid number of chromosomes C. a zygote D. four haploid cells
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12. Following synapsis during meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes _____
Following synapsis during meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes _____ A. separate B. join C. diffuse D. replicate
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13. Sexual reproduction contributes greatly to the process of _____. A
Sexual reproduction contributes greatly to the process of _____ A. evolution B. metabolism C. organization D. growth and repair
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14. Regions where nonsister chromatids are attached due to crossing over are called _____ A. centromeres B. tetrads C. chiasmata D. centrioles
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15. After crossing over, the sister chromatids _____. A
After crossing over, the sister chromatids _____ A. are no longer identical B. carry recombined genes C. contain genetic instructions from a mother and father D. all of the above
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16. Genetic recombination during meiosis occurs by _____. A
Genetic recombination during meiosis occurs by _____ A. crossing over B. independent assortment of homologous chromosomes C. both A and B
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17. When genetic information is exchanged between nonsister chromatids, _____ has occurred A. independent assortment of homologous chromosomes B. a mutation C. crossing over D. fertilization
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18. During synapsis, a nucleoprotein lattice holds the _____ together. A
During synapsis, a nucleoprotein lattice holds the _____ together A. sister chromatids B. bivalent C. centromeres
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19. The combining of chromosomes from genetically different gametes occurs during _____ A. crossing over B. synapsis C. meiosis II D. fertilization
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20. The chromosomes in one gamete have a different combination of genes than chromosomes in another gamete due to _____ A. crossing over B. independent alignment of bivalents at the metaphase plate C. fertilization D. cytokinesis
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21. Which of the following occurs during prophase I. A. spindle forms B
Which of the following occurs during prophase I? A. spindle forms B. the nuclear envelope fragments C. synapsis D. all of the above
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22. Crossing over between nonsister chromatids occurs during _____. A
Crossing over between nonsister chromatids occurs during _____ A. interkinesis B. prophase I C. telophase I D. anaphase II
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23. If telophase I takes place, which of the following always happens. A
If telophase I takes place, which of the following always happens? A. the nuclear envelope reforms B. cytokinesis occurs C. nucleoli appear D. both A and C
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24. The homologues of each bivalent separate and move to opposite poles during _____ A. prophase I B. metaphase II C. anaphase I D. anaphase II
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25. During _____ the sister chromatids separate and therefore four daughter cells each have chromosomes with one chromatid A. meiosis I B. meiosis II C. mitosis D. both A and B
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26. A fully formed spindle and alignment of the bivalents at the metaphase plate is characteristic of _____ A. metaphase I B. anaphase I C. metaphase II D. prophase I
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27. At the end of telophase II and cytokinesis there are __________ haploid cells. A. two B. four C. six

28. Cells have one chromosome from each homologous pair during _____. A
Cells have one chromosome from each homologous pair during _____ A. prophase II B. metaphase II C. anaphase II D. all of the above
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29. The two sister chromatids separate at the centromere during _____. A
The two sister chromatids separate at the centromere during _____ A. prophase II B. metaphase I C. telophase I D. anaphase II
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30. Sister chromatids align themselves at the metaphase plate during _____
Sister chromatids align themselves at the metaphase plate during _____ A. metaphase II B. prophase I C. anaphase II D. interkinesis
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31. In animals the haploid cells produced by meiosis mature and become _____ A. spores B. zygotes C. gametes D. diploid
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32. Telophase II is characterized by _____. A
Telophase II is characterized by _____ A. the disappearance of the spindle B. nuclei formation C. cytokinesis D. all of the above
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33. The reduction in the number of chromosomes is completed following _____ A. prophase II B. telophase I C. anaphase II D. metaphase I
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34. Which is characteristic of meiosis I. A. pairing of chromosomes B
Which is characteristic of meiosis I? A. pairing of chromosomes B. separation of sister chromatids C. diploid daughter cells D. all of the above
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35. In humans, meiosis occurs _____. A. only in the reproductive organs B
In humans, meiosis occurs _____ A. only in the reproductive organs B. in all tissues C. during growth and repair D. all of the above
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36. DNA replication takes place _____ during meiosis. A. only once B. twice

37. Which is true of both meiosis II and mitosis. A
Which is true of both meiosis II and mitosis? A. pairing of chromosomes B. diploid number of chromosomes at the metaphase plate C. separation of sister chromatids D. four daughter cells
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38. Mitosis is characterized by _____ nuclear division(s). A. one B. two C
Mitosis is characterized by _____ nuclear division(s) A. one B. two C. four
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39. Which of the following results in diploid daughter cells. A
Which of the following results in diploid daughter cells? A. meiosis I B. meiosis II C. mitosis
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40. Homologous chromosomes pair and undergo crossing over only during _____ A. meiosis I prophase I B. meiosis II prophase II C. mitosis prophase
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41. Which of the following is characterized by a haploid number of chromosomes? A. meiosis I prophase I B. mitosis telophase C. meiosis II anaphase II D. meiosis I metaphase I
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42. Which phase is characterized by the haploid number of duplicated chromosomes at the metaphase plate? A. meiosis II metaphase II B. mitosis prophase C. meiosis II telophase II D. meiosis I metaphase I
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43. Mitosis occurs in humans during _____. A. development of the zygote B
Mitosis occurs in humans during _____ A. development of the zygote B. growth of a child C. repair of tissue at any time D. all of the above
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44. The alternation of generation life cycle is characteristic of _____. A
The alternation of generation life cycle is characteristic of _____ A. animals B. plants C. protists D. bacteria
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45. In animals, the only haploid stage of the life cycle is the _____. A
In animals, the only haploid stage of the life cycle is the _____ A. gametes B. spores C. zygote D. adult
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46. In fungi (and some algae), only the _____ are ever diploid. A
In fungi (and some algae), only the _____ are ever diploid A. gametes B. adults C. zygotes D. spores
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47. In the animal life cycle, the diploid adult produces gametes by _____
In the animal life cycle, the diploid adult produces gametes by _____ A. meiosis B. mitosis
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48. The completion of the first meiotic division in females results in _____ A. four eggs B. a secondary oocyte and a polar body C. a zygote D. two polar bodies
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49. The process of meiosis in males (humans) always results in _____. A
The process of meiosis in males (humans) always results in _____ A. four spermatids B. two sperm C. two polar bodies D. two secondary spermatocytes
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50. When a primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis I, two _____ secondary spermatocytes are produced A. diploid B. haploid
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51. The mature egg of a human has _____ chromosomes A. 46 B. 23 C. 2

52. In females, meiosis is a part of _____ which occurs in the ovaries and produces eggs A. fertilization B. oogenesis C. the alternation of generations D. spermatogenesis
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53. A primary spermatocyte with 46 chromosomes will undergo meiosis and yield _____ A. four spermatids with 46 chromosomes B. four spermatids with 23 chromosomes C. two spermatids with 46 chromosomes D. two spermatids with 23 chromosomes
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54. Meiotic division in a diploid multicellular adult which results in haploid spores is characteristic of _____ A. animals B. bacteria C. protists D. plants
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