1. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Educational Toolkit Basic Course Teaching Material Adopt a Site Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students

2. Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 2 Copyright ©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2012 This material is an integral part of the “ELAICH – educational toolkit” and developed as part of the project ELAICH – Educational Linkage Approach in Cultural Heritage within the framework of EuroMed Cultural Heritage 4 Programme under grant agreement ENPI 150583. All rights reserved to the ELAICH Beneficiaries. This material, in its entirety only, may be used in "fair use" only as part of the ELAICH – educational toolkit for the educational purposes by non-profit educational establishments or in self-education, by any means at all times and on any downloads, copies and or, adaptations, clearly indicating “©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011” and making reference to these terms. Use of the material amounting to a distortion or mutilation of the material or is otherwise prejudicial to the honor or reputation of ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011 is forbidden. Use of parts of the material is strictly forbidden. No part of this material may be: (1) used other than intended (2) copied, reproduced or distributed in any physical or electronic form (3) reproduced in any publication of any kind (4) used as part of any other teaching material in any framework; unless prior written permission of the ELAICH Beneficiaries has been obtained. Disclaimer This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the ELAICH Consortium and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Photographs: Courtesy of Anna Lobovikov-Katz

3. Dr. Anna Lobovikov-Katz -Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Abstract Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students are specifically targeted to prepare the students for the on-site educational activity upon the completion of study of all 6 Modules. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 3

4. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Slide 4 The in-situ survey project is intended to reinforce and apply the theoretical knowledge accumulated during the previous teaching sessions in the framework of eLAICH through the in-situ survey and analysis of a historic site, which is focused on the deterioration of building materials used on a (portion of a) historic building/site. The second aim of this work is to collect data, to understand it, and to shape the results of your analysis and conclusions in a way understandable by other people. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site Aim

5. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Slide 5 Accuracy : In this work you will have to be as accurate as possible, both in graphic and verbal description. Application of knowledge that you have acquired through the ELAICH classes related to various conservation issues, such as: types of deterioration, degrees of deterioration, possible causes of decay, different building materials, different types of structures and their elements, etc. Please keep in mind that you are not a professional conservation expert (that would need a much longer period of study). However, you may make a real contribution to preservation of cultural heritage – you just need to look, see, describe. You may not know what type of deterioration you’ve just discovered, but if you describe it accurately, you may help a conservation expert/ historic site manager in preserving your cultural heritage. What is most important?

6. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Slide 6 You are requested to examine and document the texture and color of stone, mortars, etc. as accurately as possible. Please pay attention even to slight differences in color, texture, thickness of layer, etc. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site Important note

7. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Slide 7 It is recommended to summarize the preliminary analysis performed in-situ, such as: a. What is the location of each specific type of deterioration ? (Each type of deterioration of a certain visual appearance.) b. What is special about this location (e.g. close to the ground / roof / close to the water source / unique location / recurring feature in different sections of the building which are characterised by..., etc.) c. Is a building material unique for your section (e.g. – specific stone color, texture, shape or deterioration type appears only in the section where your team is working? (Collaborate with other teams consulting data collected by them.) Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site Guidelines for observation and analysis

8. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Slide 8 d. What might be the causes of deterioration which you discovered? e. What do you think should be performed as part of a "monitoring" process? What should be done to prevent future decay, as part of "preventive conservation”? f. In consultation with your ELAICH local conservation expert, create ​​a legend shared for all teams. In case you cannot get the consultation – try to compare it to the material studied in the eLAICH Modules; you might find helpful Glossaries on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, available on the Internet. There should be a separate legend for Types of building materials Types of deterioration Grades (degrees) of deterioration Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site Guidelines for observation and analysis

9. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students What is it? Slide 9 Documentation of built heritage comprises collecting on site and processing precise data on historic buildings and sites, both in written and two-dimensional images. Documentation involves different types and techniques of documentation and measurements, from photography and sketches to precise drawings and sophisticated advanced techniques, like photogrammetry and laser scanning. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

10. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Mapping Slide 10 Documentation of built heritage comprises collecting on site and processing precise data on historic buildings and sites, both in written and two-dimensional images, which involves different types and techniques of documentation and measurements, from photography and sketches to precise drawings and sophisticated advanced techniques, like photogrammetry and laser scanning (see Module 1: Topic 1.5.). Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

11. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Optional levels of recording in students’ study on site Slide 11 Level “A” Photographs taken by eLAICH students; Level “B” Sketches made by eLAICH students; Level “C” Measurements to be elaborated in precise drawings to be produced by eLAICH students. Level “A” is the basic level, which doesn’t demand any sketching ability or background of students. Level “B” is based on basic sketching ability or background of students. Level “C” is the advanced level, which includes producing simple precise drawings by the students, and taking measurements on site. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

12. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Optional levels of recording in students’ study on site Slide 12 Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

13. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Optional levels of recording in students’ study on site Slide 13 Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

14. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Principles of study and documentation of a historic site for eLAICH students Optional levels of recording in students’ study on site Slide 14 Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

15. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 15 Documentation on site Level “A”: Photographs Step I Photographic survey Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by Anna Lobovikov-Katz) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll;

16. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 16 Documentation on site Level “A”: Photographs Step II Mapping on photograph: Studying stones Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by Anna Lobovikov-Katz) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll;

17. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 17 Documentation on site Level “A”: Photographs Step II Mapping on photograph: Different degrees of deterioration Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by Anna Lobovikov-Katz) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll;

18. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 18 Documentation on site Level “A”: Photographs Step II Mapping on photograph: Cracks, plaster, cement Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by Anna Lobovikov-Katz) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll;

19. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 19 Documentation on site Level “A”: Example of Steps I & II: Mapping on photograph Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by Anna Lobovikov- Katz) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll;

20. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 20 Documentation on site Level “A”: Example of Steps I & II: Mapping on photograph Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by Anna Lobovikov- Katz) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll;

21. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 21 Documentation on site Correct Level “B”: Sketches Incorrect (in perspective distortion) Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the ELAICH Pilot course, the Hebrew Reali School, Haifa, (Supervisor: Anna Lobovikov- Katz) 2010.

22. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 22 Documentation on site Level “B”: Sketches Step I Making free hand sketch on site (as precise as possible) Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the ELAICH Pilot course, the Hebrew Reali School, Haifa, (Supervisor: Anna Lobovikov- Katz) 2010.

23. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 23 Documentation on site Level “B”: Sketches Step II Mapping visual information on sketch on site: Building materials Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site From students’ work in the ELAICH Pilot course, the Hebrew Reali School, Haifa, (Supervisor: Anna Lobovikov- Katz) 2010.

24. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 24 Documentation on site Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Step I Taking measurements on site Due to its “rigid” form triangular is currently used as a basis for measurements. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

25. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 25 Documentation on site Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Step I Taking measurements on site Triangular measurements of arches, curves, any shape. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

26. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 26 Documentation on site Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Step I Taking measurements on site Triangular measurements of arches, curves, any shape. Example: measuring “green line”. You should check with level that meter is horizontal. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

27. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 27 Documentation on site Step I Taking measurements on site Triangular measurements of arches, curves, any shape. Example: measuring arch Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

28. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 28 Documentation on site Step I Taking measurements on site Triangular measurements of arches, curves, any shape. Example: measuring arch Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

29. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 29 Documentation on site Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Step I Taking measurements on site Measurements’ results can be marked on a photograph, or more commonly – on a sketch, produced specially for this purpose. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

30. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 30 Documentation on site Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Step I Taking measurements on site Page from field book, which contains all notes, measurements and sketches taken on site. It is the original document of an on-site survey. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site

31. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 31 Documentation on site Step I Taking measurements on site Triangular measurements of arches, curves, any shape. Example: measuring arch Level “C”: Measurements & precise drawings Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Principles of study and documentation of a historic site http://www.elaich.technion.ac.il/index.php?option=com_conte nt&view=article&id=73&Itemid=106

32. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 32 Documentation methods and techniques Photographic survey From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results Photography can provide data regarding the shape of the building, its conservation state, and different materials used in its construction/ repair/ previous restorations. Photographic surveys can be focused on general info – general view of a building, as well as document systematically every single detail.

33. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 33 Documentation methods and techniques Photographic survey Photography can provide data regarding the shape of the building, its conservation state, and different materials used in its construction. Photographic surveys can be focused on general info – general view of a building, as well as document systematically every single detail. From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results

34. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 34 Documentation methods and techniques Photographic survey From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results Photographic survey From students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by author) 2011. Work by Yanai Apelbaum, Zahi Zafrani, Ronit Negrea, Daniel Koppel, Ori Roll; Boaz Barr, Ben Coen, Omer Cohen

35. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 35 Documentation methods and techniques Precise drawings From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results Precise drawings: façade – shows a view (projection) of a wall, in accordance with a set of requirements applied in precise drawing (drafting). Students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by author) 2011. Work by Uri Kfir, Yael Itzkin, Na'ama Sivan, Reut Shpatz

36. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 36 Documentation methods and techniques Precise drawings Precise drawings: plan – shows a view (projection) of a floor from above, in accordance with a set of requirements applied in precise drawing (drafting). Student’s work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion (supervised by author) 2003. Precise drawing coordination by Anna Shiffman, Vladimir Feigin, Yulia Podolsky From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results

37. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 37 Documentation methods and techniques Mapping From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results The results of the documentation and measurements undertaken on a historic building/ site can be processed and combined in a graphic representation of the analysis of building materials used in a building, and its conservation state. This is called “ mapping ”. Students’ work in the course “Documentation of historic building and sites” Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion, (supervised by author) 2011. Work by Uri Kfir, Yael Itzkin, Na'ama Sivan, Reut Shpatz

38. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Slide 38 Documentation methods and techniques Equipment Equipment developed for geodetic survey is widely used in conservation and varies from simple to sophisticated. Here a simple level (leveling instrument) allows establishment of a virtual horizontal plane, to enable the surveyor to collect data about relative height, e.g. of different parts and elements of this courtyard of a “Khan” (inn) built at the end of 18 th century in Acre. Are you sure the floor is horizontal? Columns are of equal height? You can check it with a level. Nothing should be “assumed” by a conservation surveyor - everything should be measured and documented. n From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results

39. Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch.– Topic 1.5: Documentation of cultural heritage Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Text Slide 39 A few examples of advanced documentation techniques can be accessed on the Advanced Topics section of Module 1, e.g. regarding laser scanner: Digital Documentation of Heritage. Queen’s University, Belfast, School of Geography, Archaeology, and Palaeoecology - funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6PMcP8BkWE. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6PMcP8BkWE From: 1.5.3. Selected examples of documentation techniques and results Documentation methods and techniques

40. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Thank you for your attention Dr. A. Lobovikov-Katz, Arch. Slide 40 © Anna Lobovikov-Katz