2. Objective SWBAT identify the process of transcription as it relates to The Central Dogma by accurately transcribing 13/15 DNA sequences into mRNA

3. Central Dogma of molecular biology

4. Central Dogma of molecular biology “Main” or “important” “Belief” or “principle” Main Belief The flow of genetic information in cells is from __DNA___ to __RNA__ to __protein______. It involves 2 steps:transcription &translation

5. Transcription DNARNAPROTEIN Central Dogma of molecular biology Central Dogma – part 1

6. DNA RNA ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum vesicle Golgi apparatus vesicle protein on its way! protein finished protein Making Proteins TO: nucleus

7. Key Players KEY PLAYERS DNARNARibosomes LocationNucleusNucleus & Cytoplasm Cytoplasm

8. What is Transcription? Comes from the word _________________ To transcribe something means to _______ it in another way. transcribe copy transcription In love Knockin’ on heaven’s door Like a rolling stone All along the water tower

9. Why is Transcription Important? Why do we need to make a new copy? Help, I can’t get out! Ribosome DNA cannot Leave the __________. How can a message get to the ribosome? ___________ mRNA Nucleus m = Messenger

10. Transcription: making a copy

11. Step 1: RNA Helicase ________ DNA unwinds TATA TATA AGCTCGAACGGA TCCGTTCGAGCT A G C T C G AA C G G A T C C GTTCG A G C T 3’ 5’ 3’ RNA Helicase

12. Transcription: making a copy Step 2: RNA Polymerase ______nucleotides to mRNA in the 5’  3’ direction adds TATA TATA A G C T C G AA C G G A T C C GTTCG A G C T 3’ 5’ 3’ UCCGUUCGAGC RNA polymerase mRNA Exception to base-pair rule: ___ instead of ___ UT

13. Practice: What is the complementary DNA strand? 1.Template: 5’ TACT 3’ 1.Template: 3’ GCAT 5’

14. *Step 2A: There are useless DNA codes called INTRONS that get spliced out. The pieces that are left, called EXONS, form the actual mRNA. Pre-mRNA: UCCGGAGUAAC AGUGGA intron exon GAGUAA mRNA: UCCGC Exons are expressed! DNA  RNA = Transcription

15. Transcription: making a copy Step 3: DNA _________ to double helix and mRNA ________ the nucleus returns TATA TATA A G C T C G AA C G G A 3’ 5’ 3’ UCCGUUCGAGC mRNA leaves T C C GTTCG A G C T AGCTCGAACGGA TCCGTTCGAGCT

16. DNA RNA ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum vesicle Golgi apparatus vesicle protein on its way! protein finished protein Making Proteins TO: nucleus

17. Video: Transcription Summary

18. PRACTICE DNA Strand 1: ATA CGA CAT AGG AAC TAT CAG mRNA Strand: DNA Strand 2: AAA GGG CCC GAT AGA ACC GAA mRNA Strand: DNA Strand 3: GGG CCC GAT AGG GAA AAT GAG mRNA Strand: DNA Strand 4: GGA TAC GAT CAT ATA CCA ATC mRNA Strand: