2. If it is not alive, We can’t kill it -- We can only wish to contain it!

3. What the heebie geebies is this?

4. Major Components of ALL Viruses PROTEIN COAT CALLED A CAPSID SOME TYPE OF NUCLEIC ACID

5. What is the main difference between bacterial viruses and animal viruses? How the nucleic acid enters the host cell INJECTION VS. ENGULFMENT

7. Tobacco Mosaic Virus First virus discovered in tobacco plants. Does not harm humans. Adenovirus Common flu Respiratory system infection Not serious Influenza Common flu Can affect birds and humans Can cause epidemics- Spanish Flu Bacteriophage Virus that infects a bacteria Do not harm humans

8. Figure 19-10 Lytic and Lysogenic Infections Viral reproduction: Lytic Cycle Host range: infection of a limited range of host cells (receptor molecules on the surface of cells) The lytic cycle: 1- attachment 2- injection 3- hydrolyzation 4- assembly 5- release Results in death of host cell Virulent virus (phage reproduction only by the lytic cycle) Viral reproduction: Lysogenic Cycle Genome replicated w/o destroying the host cell Genetic material of virus becomes incorporated into the host cell DNA (prophage DNA) Temperate virus (phages capable of using the lytic and lysogenic cycles) May give rise to lytic cycle

10. HERPES!!!!!!!! Is it in you?! After the initial infection, some experience sporadic episodes or outbreaks. Caused by STI and fluid contact Only transmitted during outbreak or with sores…hard to transfer during latency

13. Reverse transcriptase Use enzyme reverse transcriptase to transcribe RNA into DNA

15. Retroviruses Contain reverse transcriptase Inserts DNA into host cell Can lay dormant for years Has been linked to cancer

17. LysogenicLytic

19. Vaccines Biological preparation that improves immunity Contains an agent that resembles a virus/disease causing microorganism Stimulates immune system to recognize and destroy