1. Animal Classification Review
Part 1 –
Classifying living things (18.1, dichotomous keys)
Part 2 –
Animal kingdom (25.2, animal lab, cladograms)
This review is available on the wiki
OG-science.wikispaces.com

2. Classification Review
Scientific Names
Classification
Cladograms 10 20 30 40 50

3. What are the two parts of a scientific name? 10 pts
Scientific Names
What are the two parts of a scientific name?
10 pts
Genus and species
Category

4. What is the two-word naming system called? 20 points
Scientific Names
What is the two-word naming system called?
20 points
Binomial nomenclature
Category

5. Scientific Name
What makes common names confusing for classifying organisms? - 30 points
Common names can refer to multiple organisms; many names can be given for 1 species; some common names are ambiguous

6. Write the scientific name for a species (your choice). – 40 points
Scientific Names
Write the scientific name for a species (your choice).
– 40 points
EX: Homo sapiens

7. Give 2 characteristics of a useful scientific name. - 50 points
Scientific Names
Give 2 characteristics of a useful scientific name.
- 50 points
It’s used by everyone universally.
It refers to only 1 organism.

8. Why do we need a system of classification? -10 pts
To organize all living organisms into groups that have biological meaning

9. Who developed the first system of classification? 20 points
Carolus Linneaus

10. Classification
What is the genus of the domestic cat Felis catus?
30 points
Felis

11. Traditional (early) classification was based primarily on what?
- 40 points
Physical features

12. Classification
Name the 7 levels of classification we have today (in order from largest to smallest)
– 50 points
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

13. How is a cladogram different from a dichotomous key? – 10 points
Cladograms
How is a cladogram different from a dichotomous key?
– 10 points
Cladograms are based on evolutionary relationships while dichotomous keys are based on visible physical traits

14. What is a derived character? – 20 points
Cladograms
What is a derived character?
– 20 points
A derived character is a trait that arose in a recent common ancestor and is not found in earlier versions of the organism

15. Name the derived characters in this cladogram – 30 points
Cladograms
Name the derived characters in this cladogram – 30 points
Four limbs, amniotic egg, hair, specialized shearing teeth, retractable claws

16. What clade(s) has specialized shearing teeth? – 40 points
Cladograms
What clade(s) has specialized shearing teeth? – 40 points
Clade Carnivora and Felidae

17. Which clade includes all the others? How do you know? – 50 points
Cladograms
Which clade includes all the others? How do you know? – 50 points
Clade Tetrapoda (having 4 limbs)

18. Animal Kingdom Review
Study Guide Questions

19. 1. Invertebrates are animals that have no…
Backbone

20. 2. The distinguishing feature of acoelomates is…
Bilateral symmetry
Pseudocoelom
Lack of body cavity
Vertebra
*C. Lack of body cavity

21. Earthworm Great white shark Rhinoceros Sea anemone *D. Sea anemone
3. Which of the following animals does NOT show bilateral symmetry as an adult?
Earthworm
Great white shark
Rhinoceros
Sea anemone
*D. Sea anemone

22. 4. In which group of chordates did cartilage first appear?
Tunicates
Sharks
Hagfish
Lampreys
*B. Sharks

23. Body cavity Germ layer Notochord Segment *A. Body cavity AKA “Coelom”
5. The fluid-filled space between an animal’s digestive tract and its body wall is the
Body cavity
Germ layer
Notochord
Segment
*A. Body cavity
AKA “Coelom”

24. 6. What germ layer develops into the…
Outer layer of skin
* Ectoderm
B. Lining of the digestive tract
*Endoderm
C. Muscular layer
*Mesoderm

25. 7. Name 2 types of animals that show radial symmetry:
Cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, hydras)
Echinoderms (starfish, sand dollars, sea urchins)

26. Levels of organization Bilateral symmetry Three germ layers
8. Name two body plan characteristics shared by all arthropods and chordates:
Levels of organization
Bilateral symmetry
Three germ layers
True coelom
Segmentation and
Cephalization

27. 9. How has the body cavity evolved with the evolution of worms?
Flatworm – No body cavity (acoelom)
Roundworm – Partial body cavity (pseudo-)
Segmented worm – True body cavity (coelom)
Platyhelminthes Nematoda Annelida

28. 10. Animals in the Phylum Porifera include:
Chordates
Sea stars
Sea anemones
Sponges
*D. Sponges

29. 11. Most adult echinoderms show this kind of symmetry:
Radial

30. 12. What is one way that cnidarians are different from echinoderms?
- Levels of organization (echinoderms have organs),
# of germ layers,
type of body cavity

31. 13. What type of body cavity do most groups have?
True coelom – a body cavity completely lined with mesoderm (middle germ tissue layer)

32. 14. List the 5 types of animals in Phylum Chordata
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

33. 15. List 3 traits that arthropods have that cnidarians do not:
Organs
Bilateral symmetry
3 germ layers
True coelom
Segmentation
Cephalization

34. 16.a) What characteristics have evolved in fish?
Vertebrae
Jaws, paired appendages
True bone
Lungs!

35. 16.b) What characteristics have evolved in amphibians?
Four limbs

36. 16.c) What characteristics have evolved in reptiles?
Amniotic egg
Eggs don’t develop in water
Dry, scaly skin

37. 16.d) What characteristics have evolved in birds?
Endothermy
Feathers
Hollow bones

38. 16.e) What characteristics have evolved in mammals?
Endothermy
Hair/fur
Mammary glands

39. 17. What characteristic do reptiles have that amphibians do not?
Reptiles have lungs, amniotic eggs, eggs don’t develop in water; dry, scaly skin
Amphibians 1st stage of life- no lungs, eggs in water; skin is moist (no scales); go through metamorphosis

40. 18. Which two major groups of fishes evolved from the early jawless fish and still survive today?
Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous fish - Sharks)
Osteichthyes (Bony fish)

41. 19. The evolution of jaws and paired fins was an important development in the rise of which group of animals?
Sharks
(Cartilaginous fish)
Class Chondrichthyes

42. 20. List 2 ways that bony fish differ from the other two fish groups:
1. Have bone
(Sharks don’t, jawless
fish don’t)
2. Have jaws
(Jawless fish don’t)
3. Have vertebrae
(Hagfish don’t)

43. 21. What adaptation enables birds to live in environments that are colder than those in which most reptiles live?
Endothermy
Feathers – can use to
regulate body temperature

44. 22. What evidence exists to indicate that annelids and mollusks are closely related?
Levels of organization, body
symmetry, 3 germ layers, true
coelom, protostomes, and
cephalization

45. 23. The only animal to have an asymmetrical body plan is:
Sponges

46. 24. Which of the worm groups has the characteristic of a segmented body?
Annelids

47. 25. What was the 1st group of animals to have cephalization?
Arthropods

48. 26. What are 3 general characteristics that ALL animals have?
To be included in the Animal Kingdom, an animal must:
Be multicellular
Be heterotrophic (need food from others)
Lack cell walls

49. 27. What are the two parts of a scientific name?
Genus and species

50. ursus arctos Ursus arctos Ursus Arctos *d) Ursus arctos
28. Which of these is the correct way to show the scientific name for the brown bear?
ursus arctos
Ursus arctos
Ursus Arctos
*d) Ursus arctos

51. 29. List the 7 levels of classification from largest to smallest
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

52. Dichotomous key – for identifying an organism; uses physical traits
30. What is the difference between using a dichotomous key and a cladogram?
Dichotomous key – for identifying an organism; uses physical traits
Cladogram – used to show evolutionary relationships; uses more than just physical traits

53. 31. In what ways are scientific names more useful than common names?
Common names are bad because…
They can refer to more than one species (American robin vs. European robin)
There can be multiple names for the same species (puma, mt lion, and cougar all talk about the same animal)
They can be confusing (sea horses aren’t really horses)

54. Carolus Linnaeus Physical traits
32. Who developed the first system of classification, and what was it based on?
Carolus Linnaeus
Physical traits