1. Horses

2. 5 Basic/True Colors Bay Brown Black Chestnut (Sorrel) White

3. Bay Mixture of red and yellow, with a black mane and tail.

4. Black Solid Black

5. Chestnut (Sorrel) Red with a red mane and tail

6. Brown Solid brown

7. White White; born white and remains white it’s entire life

8. 5 Variation Colors Dun Gray Palomino Pinto Roan

9. Dun (Buckskin) Yellowish to tan with a black mane and tail

10. Gray Mixture of white and black hairs

11. Palomino Golden to yellow, with a white mane and tail

12. Pinto (Painted) White mixed with any other color

13. Roan Basic color with white tipped hairs

14. 4 Natural Gaits of Horses Gait – Is a particular way of going, either natural or learned, which is characterized by a distinctive rhythmic movement of the feet and legs. 1.Walk 2.Trot 3.Canter 4.Gallop

15. Blemishes/ Unsoundness Blemish – an abnormality that does not affect the serviceability of the horse Examples: 1. Wire Cuts 2. Rope Burns 3. Nail Puncture

16. Unsoundness – serious abnormalities that does affect the serviceability of the horse. Examples: 1. Bad conformation 2. Strain and stress 3. Accidents and injuries 4. Nutritional deficiencies

17. Measurements of Horses Height – measure from the withers straight down the front legs to the ground. Unit of Measurement “Hand” = 4 inches Example: 15 hands = 60 inches 60 inches = 15 hands

18. Weight Place horse on a scale Horse Formula Heart Girth (in.) x Heart Girth (in.) x Body Length (in.) = Body Weight in Lbs. 330

19. Age By the number and the wear of teeth Example: Describe how the teeth of a 5 year old horse’s are different from a 20 year old horse? 5yrs- nearly perpendicular 20yrs- slant sharply forward

20. Conformation Conformation- body shape and form Desirable:Level back Well muscled quarters Alert Carriage of head and ears Faults: Swayback Paunchy stomach Narrow heart girth

21. Scientific Names Scientific name = Used in scientific writings to reduce confusion of multiple common names, the scientific name (or Latin name) of an animal is two words long; consisting of the genus and species names. The entire name is written in italics (or underlined if italics are not available), with the genus capitalized. Example: Humans = Homo sapiens

22. Scientific Classification Kingdom – Animalia (animal) Phylum – Chordata (vertebrate) Class – Mammalia (mammal) Order – Perissodactyla (nonruminant) Family – Equidae (rhino, rabbit, tapir) Genus – Equus (horses, mule, zebra) Species – caballus (horses) Equus caballus = is the correct Genus/species name for horses Equus Assinus = is the correct Genus/species name for a donkey

23. Homer sapiens

24. Horse Terms Equine = scientific name for all “horses” Equestrian = a person engaged in horse work or activity Farrier = a hoof caretaker of horses Lactation = producing milk Cheval = horse meat Gestation = length of pregnancy (11 months Conformation = body shape and form Equus caballus = is the correct Genus/species name for horses

25. Unsoundness – serious abnormalities that does affect the serviceability of the horse. Blemish – an abnormality that does not affect the serviceability of the horse Gait – Is a particular way of going, either natural or learned, which is characterized by a distinctive rhythmic movement of the feet and legs Stud – adult male horse Mare – adult female horse Foal – young horse Gelding – castrated horse Filly – young female Colt – young male