1. Classification

2. Chapter 1 Lesson 2 Vocabulary
Classification- Orderly arrangement of organisms into groups based on similar characteristics.
Biologists use classification to make organisms easier to study.
Taxonomy- is the scientific study of how organisms are classified.

3. Vocab. Continued!!!!!!!
Carolus Linnaeus is considered the founder of Taxonomy. He came up with the system that gave every living thing a two word name (genus and species). This is called binomial nomenclature (two names naming system)

4. ex. Before Linnaeus the honey bee was called Apis pubescens thorace subgriseo abdomine fusco pedibus posticus glabris utrinque margine ciliatus.
Oh wowww!!!!!!!!!! Thank goodness for Carolus Linnaeus!!
After his naming, the honey bee is Apis mellifera
The two part naming is made up of the genus and the species.

5. Elephas maximus ↓ ↓ Genus Species
↓ ↓
Genus Species
The first part of the name (genus) is always capitalized.
The second part of the name (species) is lower case.
The name is either underlined or italicized.
Examples: Tyrannosauarus rex Canis lupus Luiquidambar styraciflua
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Genus species Genus species Genus species

6. Advantages of scientific names:
They eliminate confusion. No matter what language scientists speak in their country, scientific names are always in Latin or Greek.
Organisms may have many common names but only 1 scientific name.
Bonjour Adios sayonara

8. Taxonomic Keys
These are special guides to identify an unknown organism. It is made up of descriptive statements with either a “yes” or “no” answer. By working through the statements, a person can identify a species. (p. 20)

9. Branching Tree Diagrams
Diagrams that show evolutionary relationships between organisms. The closer an organism is to another, the more closely related they are. (p. 27)

11. Domain Bacteria Prokaryotic (no nucleus) Unicellular Cell wall
Some are autotrophs, some heterotrophs
They live everywhere, are in YOU, most are helpful
Oldest organisms (3.5 billion years)

12. Domain Bacteria Examples
E. coli, Strep, tuberculosis, salmonella
Many are decomposers,
Lactobacillus acidophilus makes yogurt

13. Domain Archaea Prokaryotic (no nucleus), Unicellular Cell wall
Some are autotrophs
and some are heterotrophs

14. Domain Archaea Examples
There are three main types:
salt lovers, heat lovers, and methane producers (found inside cows)!
These ancient (archae) bacteria live in extreme environments!

15. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista
Eukaryotic (cell has a nucleus, membrane covered organelles)
Most are unicellular
Some are autotrophs, some heterotrophs
Protists evolved from bacteria and other organisms evolved from protists

16. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista examples
Three types: plant-like, animal-like, fungus-like
Ameba, Euglena, volvox, slime mold, seaweed

17. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi
Eukaryotic
Cell wall
Mostly multicellular
All are heterotrophs
(first digest then absorb their food)

18. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi examples
Molds, yeasts, mushrooms
Some fungi are helpful (decomposers, food, antibiotics such as penicillin); others are harmful (poison, disease)

19. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Plantae
Eukaryotic
Cell wall
Multicellular
Autotroph
Plants have tissues and organs and complex sexual reproduction cycles

20. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Plantae examples
Moss, ferns, sunflowers, grass, redwood trees

21. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
No cell walls
Heterotrophs
Most have organ systems
and movement
All reproduce sexually.

22. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia examples
Sponges, beetles, jellyfish, worms, birds, snakes, moths, coral, humans, fish, mosquitoes, clams