1. SPONGE: Anywhere on pg 12-13
Draw an aluminum atom
P=13
N=14
E=13

2. Draw a Aluminum Atom
Protons: 13
Neutrons: 14
Electrons: 13

3. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 15 The topic or heading will always be at the top of the Powerpoint. Include the # Ex: 2.3 Carbon Based Molecules Essential Question: Compare carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
2.3 Carbon Based Molecules
Compare carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Key Concept:

4. KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

5. Objectives
1.h- Students know most macromolecules (polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids) in cells and organisms are synthesized from a small collection of simple precursors
4.e- Students know proteins can differ from one another in the number and sequence of amino acids

6. Draw a Carbon Atom
Protons: 6
Neutrons: 6
Electrons: 6

7. Carbon
“The building block of life” -carbon atoms are the basis of most molecules that make up living things
Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms.
Electrons

8. Computer/ Group Work (p. 44-48)
Carbohydrates
What are they?
What do we need them for?
At least 6 examples of foods with carbohydrates
The two types
Pictures
Lipids
What are they?
What do we need them for?
At least 6 examples of foods with lipids
Pictures
Proteins
What are they?
What do we need them for?
At least 6 examples of foods with proteins
Pictures
Nucleic Acids
What are they?
What is their function?
What are the two types?
What do the two types do?
Pictures

9. Carbon-based molecules have three general types of structures.

10. Carbon chains can bond with carbon rings to form very large, very complex molecules called macromolecules.

11. Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together (like links in a chain)
Monomers are the individual subunits (mono=1)
Polymers are made of many monomers (poly= +1)

12. Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things.
Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

13. Can you think of any foods that you eat that have carbohydrates “carbs” in them?

14. Two types of Carbohydrates:
Monosaccharides are simple sugars (candy, jam, desserts)
Polysaccharides include starches (cereals, bread, pasta, potatoes, and rice)

15. Hypothesize why we need Carbohydrates???

16. Carbohydrates can be broken down to provide energy for cells.
Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure.

17. Lipids are molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol.

18. Many lipids contain carbon chains called fatty acids.
Fatty acids: chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms

19. 1) saturated fatty acids:
Most animal fats
Ex: milk, steak, eggs, butter

20. 2) Unsaturated fatty acids:
Plant fat= oils “Good for you” fats
Ex: avocados, nuts, beans

21. Hypothesize why we need lipids???

22. broken down as a source of energy
Store large amounts of chemical energy
make up cell membranes/structure
used to make hormones

23. Proteins are polymers of amino acids
Proteins are polymers of amino acids. The specific sequence of amino acids determines the proteins structure and function
Twenty different amino acids build proteins in organisms.
Your body can make 12 of them, the rest comes from FOOD.
Carbon bonding four atoms together

24. What types of foods give us proteins?

25. What types of foods give us proteins?

26. Hypothesize why we need proteins?

27. Proteins are used for movement, eyesight, and digestion.

28. Nucleic acids biological molecules essential for life on Earth
Nucleic acids biological molecules essential for life on Earth. Made of polymers of nucleotides.
*They have only one job: To work together to make proteins

29. 2 Types of nucleic acids:
DNA stores the information for putting amino acids together to make proteins, stores genetic information.
DNA
RNA helps builds proteins.
RNA

30. Nucleotides are made of a sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.
A phosphate group
nitrogen-containing molecule, called a base
deoxyribose (sugar)

31. 1. What three things do our bodies use lipids for
1. What three things do our bodies use lipids for? Name three examples of lipids. 2. What three things do our bodies use proteins for? Name three examples of proteins.

32. Broken down as energy Eyesight Make-up cell membrane digestion
1. What three things do our bodies use lipids for? Name three examples of lipids.
2. What three things do our bodies use proteins for? Name three examples of proteins.
Broken down as energy
Make-up cell membrane
Used to make hormones
Eyesight
digestion
movement

33. HOMEWORK
On pg. 16 create a double bubble map comparing and contrasting carbohydrates and lipids.
Carbohydrates
Lipids