1. Notes: Macromolecule Table Objective: Cell biology standard 1h – Students will learn that most macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids) in organisms (and the cells of organisms) are made from building blocks

2. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Carbohydrates
(polysaccharides)
Monosaccharides

3. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Carbohydrates
(polysaccharides)
Monosaccharides
starch (a polysaccharide)  Main energy storage in plants
glycogen (a polysaccharide)  Main energy storage in animals
Glucose (a monosaccharide)  Energy source for all organisms’ cells

4. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Lipids
Glycerol and Fatty acids*

5. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Lipids
Glycerol and Fatty acids*
*Oil  Long term energy storage in plants
*Fat  Long term energy storage in animals

6. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Lipids
Glycerol and Fatty acids*
*Oil  Long term energy storage in plants
*Fat  Long term energy storage in animals
phospholipids  provides a barrier between cell & outside world
cholesterol  stabilizes cell membrane

7. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Protein
(is made of one or more polypeptide chains*)
Amino acids
* Amino acids linked together by covalent bonds form polypeptide chain)

8. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Protein
(is made of one or more polypeptide chains*)
Amino acids
* Amino acids linked together by covalent bonds form polypeptide chain)
Structural proteins provides physical structure to cell (ex: cytoskeleton)
enzymes  catalyzes (promotes) chemical reactions in cells
antibodies defend against infection

9. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides

10. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
DNA (nucleic acid)  stores hereditary information passed from generation to generation
RNA (nucleic acid) helps manufacture proteins

11. Organic Compounds (carbon based molecules)
Macromolecules
(polymers)
Building Blocks
(monomer subunits)
Example  Function
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
DNA (nucleic acid)  stores hereditary information passed from generation to generation
RNA (nucleic acid) helps manufacture proteins
ATP (nucleotide) In all cells, ATP temporarily STORES energy from digested food. Cells then use energy from ATP to power metabolic cellular processes.