1. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 1 of 37 Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are organic compounds containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus. What is DNA?

2. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 2 of 37 Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

3. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 3 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are polymers (Ex: DNA). They are assembled from monomers known as nucleotides. Nucleic Acid (polymer) Nucleotide (monomer)

4. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 4 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Nucleic Acids Each nucleotide has three parts: a 5-carbon sugar a phosphate group a nitrogenous base Which element does the phosphate group contain? Which element does the nitrogenous base contain?

5. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 5 of 37 Nucleic Acids Draw and Label a Nucleotide Nitrogenous base Sugar Phosphate group

6. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 6 of 37 Proteins Proteins are organic compounds that contain nitrogen, \ carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

7. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 7 of 37 Proteins Some proteins are used to form bones and muscles (and other body structures, like hair, nails, claws, and feathers).

8. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 8 of 37 Proteins Some proteins control the rate of chemical reactions in the body (enzymes). enzyme Chemical reaction (breakdown of starch) Starch polymer Glucose monomers

9. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 9 of 37 Proteins Other proteins help fight disease.

10. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 10 of 37 Proteins are polymers. They are made from monomers called amino aids. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Proteins Protein (polymer) Amino acids (monomers)

11. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 11 of 37 Amino acids have 3 parts: an amino group (NH 2 ), a carboxyl group (CHO 2 ),and an R-group. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Proteins amino acid

12. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 12 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Proteins Draw and Label an Amino Acid

13. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 13 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Proteins There are 20 different amino acids. The part of each amino acid that differs is the R-group.

14. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 14 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Proteins The 20 amino acids can combine in different ways to form a wide variety of proteins.

15. End Show 2–3 Carbon Compounds Slide 15 of 37 Proteins The instructions for arranging amino acids into many different proteins are stored in DNA.