1. NUCLEIC ACIDS - DNA is a polynucleotide, usually double stranded, made up of nucleotides with bases A,T,C and G. - RNA is a polynucleotide, usually single stranded made up of nucleotides containing the bases A,U,C and G.

2. C ENTRAL D OGMA OF BIOLOGY DNARNAProtein

3. N UCLEIC ACIDS They come in two forms: 1) DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) 2) RNA (Ribonucleic acid) DNA in eukaryotic cells are found in the nucleus, acting as a information store.

4. C ONTINUED … Nucleic acids are composed of monomers called a nucleotide. A nucleotide is composed of 3 subunits: One phosphate group ; One sugar molecule ; One organic nitrogenous base. These subunits are joined by covalent bonds to form a nucleotide molecule.

6. B ASE TYPES

7. FEATURES OF NUCLEOTIDES DNARNA Same phosphate group 5-carbon sugar normally deoxyribose 5-carbon sugar normally ribose Base pairs Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Thymine Base pairs, Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine and Uracil.

8. J OINING N UCLEOTIDES A condensation reaction between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of another join the two together. This forms chains called the “Backbone.” Organic bases will project from this, and it is this sequence of bases that forms coded information of nucleic acid.

9. DNA STRUCTURE

11. BASE PAIR- ACRONYM G angsters – C an A sk - T ime