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Lesson 10.1 Circles
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Definition: The set of all points in a plane that are a given distance from a given point in the plane. The given point is the CENTER of the circle. A segment that joins the center to a point on the circle is called a radius. Two circles are congruent if they have congruent radii.
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Concentric Circles: Two or more coplanar circles with the same center.
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A point is inside (in the interior of) a circle if its distance from the center is less than the radius. interior O A Point O and A are in the interior of Circle O.
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A point is outside (in the exterior of) a circle if its distance from the center is greater than the radius. A W Point W is in the exterior of Circle A. A point is on a circle if its distance from the center is equal to the radius. S Point S is on Circle A.
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Chords and Diameters: Points on a circle can be connected by segments called chords. A chord of a circle is a segment joining any two points on the circle. A diameter of a circle is a chord that passes through the center of the circle. The longest chord of a circle is the diameter. chord diameter
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Formulas to know! Circumference: C = 2 π r or C = π d Area: A = π r 2 Area: A = π r 2
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Radius-Chord Relationships OP is the distance from O to chord AB. The distance from the center of a circle to a chord is the measure of the perpendicular segment from the center to the chord.
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Theorem 74 If a radius is perpendicular to a chord, then it bisects the chord.
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Theorem 75 If a radius of a circle bisects a chord that is not a diameter, then it is perpendicular to that chord.
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Theorem 76 The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the center of the circle.
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1. Circle Q, PR ST 2.PR bisects ST. 3.PR is bisector of ST. 4.PS PT 1.Given 2.If a radius is to a chord, it bisects the chord. (QR is part of a radius.) 3.Combination of steps 1 & 2. 4.If a point is on the bisector of a segment, it is equidistant from the endpoints.
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The radius of Circle O is 13 mm. The length of chord PQ is 10 mm. Find the distance from chord PQ to center, O. 1.Draw OR perpendicular to PQ. 2.Draw radius OP to complete a right Δ. 3.Since a radius perpendicular to a chord bisects the chord, PR = ½ PQ = ½ (10) = 5. 4.By the Pythagorean Theorem, x 2 + 5 2 = 13 2 5.The distance from chord PQ to center O is 12 mm.
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1.ΔABC is isosceles (AB AC) 2.Circles P & Q, BC ║ PQ 3. ABC P, ACB Q 4. ABC ACB 5. P Q 6.AP AQ 7.PB CQ 8.Circle P Circle Q 1.Given 2.Given 3.║ Lines means corresponding s . 4.. 5.Transitive Property 6.. 7.Subtraction (1 from 6) 8.Circles with radii are .
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