1. 1 University reform within global changes: importance of fostering research-innovation links Melita Kovačević Vice-Rector for Science and Technology University of Zagreb INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France, April 28 – May 1, 2009

2. 2 Topics:  New demands on university  Obstacles and constraints for change  Importance of research  Case study: University of Zagreb  A look into (close) future

3. 3 Why? Facts on ERI triangle Research Technology Transfer Doctoral Education “University should be driven by societal and economical changes” Georg Winckler, EUA President Dubrovnik – October, 2007 New demands on university

4. 4 Knowledge economy Economy based on the production, distribution, and use of Knowledge as the main driver of growth, wealth creation, and employment across all industries. Facts on ERI triangle New demands on university

5. 5 1.Research 2.Teaching 3.Innovation 4.Interationalization 5.Regional impact New demands on university University classification (and ranking)

6. 6 EHEA ERA New demands on university European vs World perspective -new HE market -new demands -Changing rules

7. 7 New demands on university Globalisation -it affects all human activities and processes -demand for more research and research practices to address them -need to promote a future development of a knowledge- based society, both in developed and developing countries an increased strategic role for universities (WB, OECD, EU…)

8. 8 Obstacles and constraints for change  existence of long tradition of academic conservatism  inadequate recognition of doctorate and its social and economical value  overproduction of doctors – overflow of researchers  treating HE as cost, not investment research and doctoral education most affected

9. 9  Reluctance on both sides-university/industry  Frequently not a partner but service relationship  Not defined IP rules Who owns the product? What are the conditions? Why is it important to define the rules?  Personal vs. Institutional involvement and benefits  Tradition Opening towards Society: Constraints, Obstacles Obstacles and constraints for change

10. 10 Importance of research

11. 11 Top 20 world universities: 1. Harvard (US) 2. Cambridge (UK) 3. Oxford (UK) 4. Massachusetts (US) 5. Yale (US) 6. Stanford (US) 7. California IT (US) 8. Berkeley (US) 9. IC London (UK) 10. Princeton (US) 11. Chicago (US) 12. Columbia (US) 13. Duke (US) 14. Beijing (China) 15. Cornell (US) 16. Australian National Univ. (Austral.) 17. London School of Econom. (UK) 18. ENS Paris (France) 19. Singapur 20. Tokyo University (Japan) Top 50 European universities: University of Prague Faculties: 17 Students 45.000 Teachers 4.000 Programmes 270 University of Vienna Faculties: 18 Students 66.000 Teachers 5.400 Programmes 135 University of Zagreb Faculties: 33 Students 56.000 Teachers 3.500 Programmes 520

12. 12 Importance of research  extending the frontiers of knowledge  transferring knowledge into new products and services however

13. 13 Importance of research  research ≠ knowledge ≠ innovation  the need for innovation-driven economy and/or for the transfer of knowledge into innovation does not imply innovation-driven research  research results can not be ordered or preset  the time scales of research ≠ policy makers ≠ short-term profit  research is one of human activities the most under the pressure of competitiveness and continuous quality assessment

14. 14 One way road Industry finances doctoral education Defines the topic of research Owns the outcome Research/Doctoral Education: Constraints, Obstacles What can/should be done? Importance of research

15. 15 Research/Doctoral Education: Constraints, Obstacles 3% research funding –1% government, 2% industry Doctoral education as a self-generating process Placement of new doctors outside academia Importance of research

16. 16 65,000 students 2,000 PhD students, 5,500 members of academic staff, 8,000 total number of employees, 30 faculties and 3 academies, 1,220 research projects financed by MSES (basic, applied and technology projects), 175 international projects (mostly FP6 and FP7) 1354 original scientific papers cited in international databases (year 2008). In each of these indicators the University of Zagreb takes more than 80 % of the total of all universities in Croatia and more than 50 % of the whole academic community (universities plus public institutes). Case study: University of Zagreb

17. 17 University of Zagreb Experiences Dissertations – all scientific fields (2000-2005) Case study: University of Zagreb

18. 18 Technology Transfer Office: Established within Unit for Science and Technology in January 2008 Joined WB Science and Technology Project in May 2008 Vision The creation of university infrastructure that will serve as a promoter of development and commercialization of innovations and discoveries resulting from scientific research, with ambition to be a leading institution among universities in Croatia in that respect. Case study: University of Zagreb

19. 19 TT Office Mission … is to promote and facilitate the transfer of technology from the University of Zagreb to the commercial sector producing thus benefits for researchers, the University and the Croatian economy. Case study: University of Zagreb

20. 20 June 2007. Task Group October 2007. BP for S&T Project (MSES, World Bank) January 2008. first employee Vlatka Petrović, PhD May 2008. S&T Project started, Prof. Srđan Novak, PhD Project Manager Case study: University of Zagreb

21. 21 TTO financing: University budget Ministry of Science Education and Sport via WB Science and Technology Project EU funding Case study: University of Zagreb

22. 22 TTO-UniZg: Aims 1.Promoting the culture of innovativeness and academic entrepreneurship among all components (Faculties) of the University of Zagreb. 2.Building the system of services for IPR protection and promotion of 'Patenting Culture' among all components (Faculties) of the University of Zagreb. 3.Taking proactive steps in helping researchers to shape future applied research projects towards optimal solutions of IP protection and commercialization. 4.Establishment of the system that will facilitate technology transfer from academic community to business sector and support the academic entrepreneurship. 5.Stimulating the commercialization of R&D among all components (Faculties) of the University of Zagreb. 6.Taking active part in defining consistent and transparent legal and organizational framework for stimulation and smooth conduction of technology transfer at the University of Zagreb. 7.Producing all necessary documents (starting from University IPR Policy) in order to achieve the goals mentioned above. 8.Networking of experts and researchers to facilitate the commercialization of scientific results. Case study: University of Zagreb

23. 23 TTO-UniZg: Short-term tasks: TT-OFFICE RULE-BOOK (December 2008) IP Policy (in process) Procedures & Documents Consultants Network Financing for od 15 -20 projects entering the pipe-line, Ending with 3 - 5 patents Commercialization 2-3 patents TTO starts in December 2008 Case study: University of Zagreb

24. 24 TTO RULE-BOOK – BASIC STATEMENTS Owner of IP is the Faculty Free-Will Principle Defines the Procedure of IP protection when it goes through the TTO Case study: University of Zagreb

25. 25 Procedure 1.Disclosure 2.Due Diligence 3.Contract 4.Technical & commercial assessment of innovation 5.Decision (We go for it! or We don’t!) 6.Legal protection of IP (drafting, fileing). 7.Commercialization (licencing or spin-off?) 8.Revenues collection and distribution Case study: University of Zagreb

26. 26 Revenue share scheme: Inventors: 40% Faculty: 40% University: 20% Case study: University of Zagreb

27. 27 Nurturing a new culture  patent = cost  patenting = investment  investment = start of entrepreneurship Case study: University of Zagreb

28. 28 Knowledge Economy & Technology Transfer Case study: University of Zagreb

29. 29 Reminder – Knowledge Economy Economy based on the production, distribution, and use of Knowledge as the main driver of growth, wealth creation, and employment across all industries. Case study: University of Zagreb

30. 30 Research Office Technology Transfer Office Centre for Research, Development and Technology Transfer Case study: University of Zagreb

31. 31 Three roles of a modern university in the modern knowledge economy: - Higher education -Research and development - Innovation and technology transfer Facts on ERI triangle Case study: University of Zagreb

32. 32 Must University must open towards society Dangers Losing academic aureole Future Case study: University of Zagreb

33. 33 Possible conclusions (with open questions) Role of universities and society changes –Faster than we would like? Ready to follow? It is inevitable to balance all parts of the triangle –What do we need to do that –How to establish good communicational channels between university and industry –Competitive research will boost innovation and technology transfer A look into (close) future

34. 34 Possible conclusions (with open questions) Can (regional) centres of excellence be a good framework to overbridge many of obstacles and constraints? A look into (close) future

35. 35 “We do not have to fight tradition; we must build and develop new ways based on tradition and accumulated experience” Aleksa Bjeliš, Rector Zagreb, 2009

36. 36 Thank you