1. Chapter 6 Section 3 Roy Burks Clay Mosley Nick Westfall Will White Ty Wilkinson Patrick Wray Roy Burks Clay Mosley Nick Westfall Will White Ty Wilkinson Patrick Wray

2. Cooperation and Conflict G -Level of cooperation between Congress and the president have varied throughout history G -Best relations exist between two branches when President makes few demands on Congress G -Recent Presidents have found it hard to work with Congress G -Level of cooperation between Congress and the president have varied throughout history G -Best relations exist between two branches when President makes few demands on Congress G -Recent Presidents have found it hard to work with Congress

3. Constituents and Conflict National electorate chooses presidents they believe will carry out policies that are in the best interest of the nation Voters choose whoever they feel meet their particular interests Senators and Representatives often differ with the president about public policy

4. Checks & Balances FGives the Congress and the President the power to counteract each other. FIf the president threatens to veto a law congress can over ride the veto because their state or district may benefit from it. FGives the Congress and the President the power to counteract each other. FIf the president threatens to veto a law congress can over ride the veto because their state or district may benefit from it.

5. Political Politics If one party controls the White House and the other party controls House and the Senate. The President’s party rarely controls the Congress If the legislative Branch and the executive branch are opposites than it is called a “gridlock”

6. Organization as a Cause for Conflict  Unlimited debate in the senate can be used to block legislation  Even if the Congressional leaders support the legislation, they still have to work hard to get presidential initiatives passed.  Committee chairpersons can prevent a bill from reaching the floor by blocking or changing it while it is still in the committee or subcommittee.  Often a committee wit try to revise, delay or defeat a bill they do not want passed.  Unlimited debate in the senate can be used to block legislation  Even if the Congressional leaders support the legislation, they still have to work hard to get presidential initiatives passed.  Committee chairpersons can prevent a bill from reaching the floor by blocking or changing it while it is still in the committee or subcommittee.  Often a committee wit try to revise, delay or defeat a bill they do not want passed.

7. Different Political Timetables Conflicts occur when the president and Congress have different timetables President has three years to work with A congress person has years to do what they want. Because they are not limited to terms they can think in terms of years. Because they have more time Congress can sit on legislation they do not want and take as much time as they need to delay a bill.

8. The Struggle for Power  There has always been a struggle for power between the President and the Congress  It certain periods, a branch will dominate and that can depend on political issues, politically savy and popularity of the president.  In times of crisis Congress has given extra power to the President.  With that power some Presidents have declared martial law, seized property, and controlled transportation and communications.  Time and time again presidents have used state of emergencies to gain a bit more power.  The National Emergencies Act ended the ability of the President to have a state of emergency longer than one year.  "In 2001 George W. Bush used his authority under this act to selectively suspend, if necessary, the law that permitted a military officer to retire."  Sidenote: Hitler used State of Emergency to come to power in Germany.

9. Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act  The national budget is the yearly financial plan for the national government.  In the mid 1900’s, the president had more power in planning the national budget.  In 1974, congress passed the Congressional Budget and the Impoundment Control Act.  The act made a permanent budget committee for each house.  The act also created the Congressional Budget Office (CBO).  The act limited the president’s ability to impound funds  Impoundment is the president's refusal to spend money on programs congress voted to fund.

10. Legislative Veto In 1970’s, congress reasserted themselves and identified the importance of the legislative veto. The legislative veto is a useful power that is a effective check on the executive branch. Many people think that the legislative veto is too powerful and that it is a violation of the separation of powers Congress is currently looking for a alternative to the legislative veto. In 1970’s, congress reasserted themselves and identified the importance of the legislative veto. The legislative veto is a useful power that is a effective check on the executive branch. Many people think that the legislative veto is too powerful and that it is a violation of the separation of powers Congress is currently looking for a alternative to the legislative veto.