1. Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Seventh Edition
Elaine N. Marieb
Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues
Cytoplasm of the Cell
Lecture Slides in PowerPoint by Jerry L. Cook
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

2. Cytoplasm Material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane
Cytosol
Fluid that suspends other elements
Organelles
Metabolic machinery of the cell
Inclusions
Non-functioning units
Slide 3.9
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3. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Figure 3.4
Slide 3.10
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4. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Ribosomes
Made of protein and RNA
Sites of protein synthesis
Found at two locations
Free in the cytoplasm
Attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum
Slide 3.11
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5. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Ribosomes
Slide 3.11
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6. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Fluid-filled tubules for carrying substances
Two types of ER
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Studded with ribosomes
Site where building materials of cellular membrane are formed
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Functions in cholesterol synthesis and breakdown, fat metabolism, and detoxification of drugs
Slide 3.12
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7. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Endoplasmic reticulum
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Slide 3.12
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8. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Golgi apparatus
Modifies and packages proteins
Produces different types of packages
Secretory vesicles
Cell membrane components
Lysosomes
Slide 3.13a
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9. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Golgi apparatus
Slide 3.13a

10. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Endomembrane System
Figure 3.5
Slide 3.13b
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11. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Lysosomes
Contain enzymes that digest unusable materials within the cell
Peroxisomes
Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes
Detoxify harmful substances
Break down free radicals (highly reactive chemicals)
Slide 3.14
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12. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Mitochondria
“Powerhouses” of the cell
Change shape continuously
Carry out reactions where oxygen is used to break down food
Provides ATP for cellular energy
Slide 3.15
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13. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Mitochondria
Slide 3.15

14. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Cytoskeleton
Network of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm
Provides the cell with an internal framework
Slide 3.16a
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15. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Cytoskeleton
Three different types
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules
Figure 3.6
Slide 3.16b
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16. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Cytoskeleton
Figure 3.6
Slide 3.16b
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17. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Centrioles
Rod-shaped bodies made of microtubules
Direct formation of mitotic spindle during cell division
Slide 3.17

18. Cellular Projections Not found in all cells Used for movement
Cilia moves materials across the cell surface
Found in trachea, uterine tubes
Flagellum propels the cell
Found on sperm cells
Slide 3.18
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19. Cellular Projections Flagellum propels the sperm cell Slide 3.18
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20. Cellular Projections Cilia moves materials across the cell surface
Slide 3.18
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings