1. Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell

2. The microscope is an important tool
Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things
Compound Light microscope- allow scientists to see living cells
Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)- produce a 3-D image of a cell’s surface
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)- produce a 2-D image of the inside of a cell
**SEM and TEM do not allow scientists to see living cells, but they do magnify objects up to a million times**

3. Cells are divided into two categories
The difference between the two types of cells is the location of the genetic material
Eukaryotic cell - have a nucleus that contains the genetic material for a cell
Prokaryotic cells - do not have a nucleus and the genetic material is in the cytoplasm

4. Eukaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic Cell

5. Cells are diverse Eukaryotic cells have organelles
- internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions
cytoplasm
- a jelly-like material inside the cell

6. Plant Cell
cytoplasm

7. Cells are diverse Eukaryotic cells have organelles
- internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions
cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell
cell membrane
- protective covering that controls entry into and out of cell
“The Traffic Cop”

8. Plant Cell
cytoplasm
cell membrane

9. Organelles found in cells
Nucleus
- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function
“The Control Center”

10. Plant Cell
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane

11. Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
Ribosomes
- process information from the nucleus and builds protein
“Protein Factories”

12. Plant Cell
nucleus
ribosomes
cytoplasm
cell membrane

13. Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories”
Endoplasmic reticulum
- moves materials around the cell
“Cell Highway”

14. Plant Cell ribosomes nucleus endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm
cell membrane

15. Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories”
Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway”
Mitochondria
- uses oxygen to process food (process called cellular respiration)
“Powerhouse of the Cell”

16. Plant Cell ribosomes nucleus endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membrane

17. Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center”
Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories”
Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway”
Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food in a process called cellular respiration.
“Powerhouse of the Cell”
Golgi apparatus
- finishes processing and packaging proteins
“The Finisher”

18. Plant Cell ribosomes nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membrane

19. Organelles found in cells
vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”

20. Plant Cell ribosomes vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membrane

21. Organelles found in cells
vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”
*cell wall
- tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell

22. Plant Cell ribosomes cell wall vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell wall
cell membrane

23. Organelles found in cells
vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”
*cell wall
- tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell
*chloroplasts
- use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell

24. Plant Cell chloroplast ribosomes cell wall vesicles nucleus Golgi
apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
chloroplast
ribosomes
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell wall
cell membrane

25. Organelles found in cells
vesicles
- transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
-”The Delivery Truck”
*cell wall
- tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell
*chloroplasts
- use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell
*central vacuole
- hold water, waste and other materials in a plant cell

26. Plant Cell chloroplast ribosomes central vacuole cell wall vesicles
nucleus
Golgi
apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
chloroplast
ribosomes
central vacuole
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell wall
cell membrane

27. Animal Cell endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosomes Golgi apparatus
vesicles
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membrane

28. Organelles found in cells
*lysosomes (only found in animal cells)
- break down waste materials
“Digestion Center”

29. Animal Cell endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosomes Golgi apparatus
*lysosomes
vesicles
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membrane