1. Cell Structure Chapter 7

2. Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes

3. What do these two categories of cells have in common?

4. Eukaryotes Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound organelles. Organelles: cell structure that performs a specialized function.

5. Eukaryotes 3 Common Features: 1) Plasma Membrane 2) Cytoplasm 3) Nucleus

6. Eukaryotes: Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough) Lysosome Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth) Ribosome Golgi Apparatus Chromatin Golgi Apparatus Nuclear Pore Nuclear Envelope Vacuole Centrioles Cell Membrane

7. Eukaryotes: Animal Cell Jelly Bean: ribo- maker Golf Ball: Brain Tunnels: Roads/Highways Lys: To Split Mighty: Powerhouse Tunnels: Roads/Highways Dots: Protein maker GA: Go Away (UPS) Spaghetti: DNA GA: Go Away (UPS) Holes Outside of Golf Ball Vacuum: food + trash Sticks: Repro Outside Cell: Squishy

8. Eukaryotes: Plant Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough) Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth) Ribosome Golgi Apparatus Chromatin Chloroplast Nuclear Pore Nuclear Envelope Vacuole Centrioles Cell Wall

9. Eukaryotes: Plant Cell Jelly Bean: Ribo- maker “Brain” Tunnels: Roads/Highways Mighty: Powerhouse Tunnels: Roads/Highways Dots: Protein Maker GA: Go Away (UPS) Spaghetti: DNA Light Energy Holes Outside of Golf Ball Vacuum: Food + Trash Sticks: Repro Outside Cell: Hard

10. Prokaryotes: Bacteria Cilia/Flagella Cytoplasm Ribosome Chromatin Cell Wall

11. Prokaryotes: Bacteria Hairs: Propellers Jelly Dots: Protein Maker Spaghetti: DNA Outside Cell: Hard

12. Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells Plant cells have 3 structures that animal cells do not: 1) Cell Wall 2) Vacuoles 3) Plastids (chloroplasts)

13. Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells http://bp0.blogger.com/_4VOt8S8VNL0/R8F2tGlROWI/AAAAAAAAABA/Ar828_ym8Sc/s1600-h/Plant+Cell.gif

14. Plasma Membrane http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078802849/student_view0/unit2/chapter7/section2/self-check_quizzes-english.html

15. Plasma Membrane Outer covering of the cell Holds the cell together Protects contents Gives cell shape Regulates passage (selectively permeable) Regulates entrances and exits (selectively permeable)

16. Cell Wall Surrounds the cell membrane for protection and support Inflexible barrier Found in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plantcell.html

17. Cytoplasm All processes occur here Semi-fluid material inside the cell (gelatin) Contains organelles http://www.learner.org/courses/essential/life/session1/closer1.html

18. Mitochondria Powerhouse (makes energy for the cell - cellular respiration) Two membranes (inner has many folds) Produces ATP (energy) Has own DNA Found in large numbers in cells that require a lot of energy http://kdsell.pbworks.com/w/page/5722456/Mitochondria-The%20powerhouse

19. Chloroplast Found only in plant cells Contain green pigment (chlorophyll) Absorbs energy from the sun to convert CO 2 and H 2 O into sugar (photosynthesis) http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/chloroplasts/chloroplasts.html

20. Nucleus Function: Command center Instructions for making proteins Structure: Double membrane Holes (nuclear pores) Nucleolus (ribosomes made) Holds genetic information Chromosomes and DNA http://kconline.kaskaskia.edu/bcambron/Biology%20117/Cells.htm

21. Nuclear Membrane Nuclear envelope Membrane surrounding nucleus Regulates passage of materials between nucleus and cytoplasm http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/nucleus/nucleus.html

22. Lysosome Contain enzymes necessary for digesting certain materials in the cell Formed by Golgi Apparatus Digest and recycle cells used components http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/lysosome.jpg

23. Vacuole Store water, nutrients (salts,proteins, carbohydrates), and waste materials If present in animal cells, they are much smaller than in plant cells http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plants/vacuole.html

24. Ribosomes Site of protein synthesis Found attached to ER or floating in cytoplasm Most numerous organelle http://chaiyahong.blogspot.comhttp://chaiyahong.blogspot.com/ http://accelbiosbhs.glogster.com/ribosomes/

25. Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane system of sacs and tunnels Transportation system for molecules Stores proteins Rough ER: has ribosomes attached Smooth ER: has no attached ribosomes http://accelbiosbhs.glogster.com/Endoplasmic-Reticulum/

26. Golgi Apparatus Processing center (packaging and secretion) Stacks of membranes Movement of proteins Modifies, packages, collects, and distributes molecules http://www.sciencecontrol.com/golgi-apparatus-function.html

27. Cilia Short, hair-like projections Used to move cell or move harmful substances away from the cell http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/cells/cells.htm

28. Flagella Long, whip-like projections Used to move cell or move harmful substances away from the cell http://sp.uconn.edu/~terry/229sp03/lectures/structure.html