1. Presentation on Pumps ByG.MURALIKRISHNA EE(E) BSNL ED-1

2. An Overview b Types of Pumps b Features of various Pumps b Selection of pumps b Performance Calculation b Flow control strategies b Energy saving measures in Pumps

3. Types of Pumps b Dynamic Pumps CentrifugalCentrifugal Special effect pumpsSpecial effect pumps b Displacement Pumps RotaryRotary ReciprocatingReciprocating

4. Order of Preference b Centrifugal b Rotary b Reciprocating

5. Pumps Used in Building Services b Sump Pumps MonoblocMonobloc b Bore well Pumps Submersible PumpsSubmersible Pumps Jet PumpsJet Pumps

6. Centrifugal Pumps b Very simple design b Two main parts are the impeller and the diffuser b Impellers BronzeBronze poly carbonatepoly carbonate cast ironcast iron b stainless steel

7. Pressure developed by the Pump b depends upon Impeller diaImpeller dia No.of impellersNo.of impellers size of the impeller eyesize of the impeller eye shaft speedshaft speed

8. Size of the pump b Depends on HeadHead CapacityCapacity

9. Advantages of centrifugal Pump b Very efficient b Produce smooth and even flow b Reliable with good service life

10. Disadvantages b Loss of priming easily b Efficiency depends upon operating design head & speed.

11. b Centrifugal pump closely coupled with motor b Does not require long drive shaft b Motor operates at a cooler temperature. b Noiseless operation. b High efficiency b Smooth and even flow b In case of repair full pump to be removed. Submersible Pumps

12. Jet Pumps b Combination of a surface centrifugal pump, nozzle and venturi arrangement. b Used in small dia bore wells. b Simple design b Low purchase and maintenance cost. b Easy accessibility to all moving parts. b Low efficiency.

13. DSM measures to reduce consumption in pumps Demand side management measures b Use of friction less foot valve. b Use of HDPE pipes b Use of appropriate capacitor. b Use of higher size suction pipe compared to delivery pipe.

14. b Overall Efficiency = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input ( P1) b Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3) b Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd - hs ) X p X g / 1000 b Q = discharge in m³/s Pump Performance calculation

15. b p = density of fluid in kg/ m³ b g = acceleration due to gravity ( m/s²) b P1 = 1.732 X V X I X pf b P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.

16. Key Parameter for determining efficiency b Flow b Head b Power

17. Flow Measurement Techniques b Tracer Method b Ultrasonic flow measurement b Tank filling method b Installation of online flow meter

18. Determination of total head Determination of total head b Suction head measured from pump inlet pressure gauge reading measured from pump inlet pressure gauge reading b Discharge head This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr. gauge This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr. gauge

19. b Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for Drinking water) Sl.No ITEM Pump1 Pump2Sl.No ITEM Pump1 Pump2 1 Make Beacon Beacon1 Make Beacon Beacon 2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7)2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7) 3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm 4 Head 25 m 25 m4 Head 25 m 25 m Typical name plate details of pump

20. 5Discharge 8 L/s 8 L/s5Discharge 8 L/s 8 L/s 6Amps 8 86Amps 8 8 7Overall Efficiency 47% 47 %7Overall Efficiency 47% 47 % Typical name plate details of pump

21.  PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION SHEET  SL.NO.ITEM Pump1Pump2 Units  1Voltage 406 407 volts  2Current 6.0 6.6 amps  3P.F 0.83 0.82 b 4Power input 3.5 3.48 KW Typical performance calculations

22.  5Dis. Head 22.2 22.2 m  6Suc.Head 2.2 2.2 m  7discharge 8 8 L/s  8Hyd.Power 1.57 1.57 KW b 9Pump Effi. 44.85 45.10 Typical performance calculations

23. b 1.Replace the existing discharge line with the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction losses. b 2.Provide water level switch to switch off the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled. b 3.Replace the existing pump sets with high efficiency pump sets. Typical observations/ Recommendations

24. b Size pump correctly b Operate close to the best efficiency point. b Size all piping and valves correctly b Avoid all leakages. Factors to be considered from user side Factors to be considered from user side

25. Flow control Strategies b Varying speed b Pumps in parallel b stop/start control b Flow control valve b By pass control valve b Trimming impeller b Use of VFDS

26. Energy conservation opportunities in pumping b Operate pump near best efficiency point. b Replace old pumps by energy efficient pumps b Reduce system resistance by pressure drop assessment and pipe size optimization. b Provide booster pump for few areas of higher head.

27. Energy conservation opportunities in pumping b Conduct water balance to minimize water consumption. b Ensure availability of instruments like pressure gauges, flow meters. b Repair seals and packing to minimize water loss. b Avoid valves in discharge side as far as possible. b Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.

28. Thank You