2. Scientists believe human life began in Africa 4-5 million years ago. These early people hunted and gathered for food and are known today as hunter-gatherers. People migrated throughout the world as their food moved. During the last Ice Age, people crossed into America over a land bridge while following their food. Eventually, people learned about agriculture or how to farm. With farming now their method of obtaining food, people no longer moved around from place to place and they began to settle. With more time available, people began to develop quicker.

3. How do we become good at farming? What do we need to be a farmer? Seeds Sun Water Good soil

8. Good soil is dark black with a fine, consistent texture. It is filled with nutrients and minerals that help plants grow! This is known as FERTILE. Bad soil cracks easily and has a dull appearance. It can be rocky or sandy. The nutrients and minerals are gone making it hard to plant crops. INFERTILE

10. An area of land that stretches between Asia Minor and the Persian Gulf in the Middle East. Specifically between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern day Iraq.

12. With plentiful food available, the population of Mesopotamia grew quicker than in other areas of the world. Since these people didn’t have to move around in search of food, they established small villages all along the river valley. It is from these small villages that the world’s first civilization started. Why is Mesopotamia important? Because it was the world’s first civilization!