1.   Not alive during Civil War but best remembered for his depictions of it  Interviewed veterans and studied photographs, battle plans, & biographical accounts  Leader of the Naturalist movement  Common themes: harshness of war, degradation of humanity, social rebellion, betrayal, & guilt Stephen Crane

2.   Realism: portraying life as accurately and realistically as possible  Naturalism: same as above PLUS the belief that there are forces beyond humans’ control  Fate  Heredity  Nature Literary Period

3.   Figurative Language  Imagery : descriptive language that appeals to the senses  Simile : compares two things using “like” or “as”  Metaphor : compares two things DIRECTLY without using “like” or “as” Literary Terms

4.   Tone : the emotion created by the author’s use of language or by a character’s words and actions  Irony : how a person, situation, statement, or circumstance is not as it would actually seem Literary Terms…

5.   Setting:  Time: the Civil War  Place: a battlefield during a break in the fighting  Problem: the lieutenant is wounded by a stray bullet  American Dream: consequences “An Episode of War”