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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages Lars Waser Kai Jütte Theresia Stampfer Landesforst Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts Betriebsteil Forstplanung, Versuchswesen, Forstliche Informationssysteme
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Tornado „Doris“ 1/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Situation / goals Tornado „Doris“ – severe storm & hail; 11 June 2010 > 2000 ha of forest affected / destroyed => Focus on detecting multiple stages of tree damages (ash / Scots pine) => Which tree species are affected most? (tree species classification) Which satellite system is most appropriate? (costs, Pros / Cons) 2/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Study areas German State Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 3/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Satellite data - Passive optical system, 2 m - 8 bands RGBI, costal, yellow, NIR2, Rededge WorldView-2 images - Active system, X-band (3 cm) - 1.25 m TerraSAR-X images 4/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Training / reference data 7 Tree species: Delineated tree crown polygons (756) 4 stages of tree damages (ash / Scots pine): 4 x 120 polygons => Ash, beech, Douglas fir, larch, Norway spruce, oak, poplar Terrestrial survey Crown view from a crane 1 (0-25%) 2 (25-50%) 3 (50-75%) 4 (75-100%) destroyed foliage 5/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 In-situ spectral measurements 6/13 e.g. damage stage 3 a mobile crane Aerial images Terrestrial survey Crown view from: WorldView-2 images
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Training / reference data - Delineated tree crown polygons (756) Different stages of damaged Scots pine (2011) 7/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Classification Pre-processing - De-Hazing+Atmospheric Correction - Original bands & 22 Vegetation indices - 20 indices (filters, textural & structural) Signatures (variables) Validation of prediction: external, independent reference data (polygons) - Noise reduction Multinomial log. regression - Cross-Validation (10-fold) - Variable selection - Image segmentations 8/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Results TerraSAR-X Waser et al. in prep. for Remote Sensing of Environment WorldView-2 7 tree species ash Scots pine Overall acc. Overall acc. kappa 0.900.830.31 0.56 => ash and poplar > 0.7 ash, beech, Douglas fir, larch, Norway spruce, oak, poplar Stage of damage 1 3 2 4 1 3 2 4 0.83 0.73 0.65 0.78 0.62 0.52 0.44 0.56 0.78 0.71 0.62 0.72 0.62 0.53 0.39 0.59 10-fold cross-validated 9/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Results TerraSAR-X Waser et al. in prep. for Remote Sensing of Environment WorldView-2 7 tree species ash Scots pine Overall acc. Overall acc. kappa 0.900.830.31 0.56 => ash and poplar > 0.7 ash, beech, Douglas fir, larch, Norway spruce, oak, poplar Stage of damage 1 3 2 4 1 3 2 4 0.83 0.73 0.65 0.78 0.62 0.52 0.44 0.56 0.78 0.71 0.62 0.72 0.62 0.53 0.39 0.59 10-fold cross-validated 9/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Results TerraSAR-X Waser et al. in prep. for Remote Sensing of Environment WorldView-2 7 tree species ash Scots pine Overall acc. Overall acc. kappa 0.900.830.31 0.56 => ash and poplar > 0.7 ash, beech, Douglas fir, larch, Norway spruce, oak, poplar Stage of damage 1 3 2 4 1 3 2 4 0.83 0.73 0.65 0.78 0.62 0.52 0.44 0.56 0.79 0.71 0.62 0.76 0.62 0.53 0.39 0.59 10-fold cross-validated 9/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Overall accuracies of prediction (independent reference data) 81% 50% WorldView-2 versus TerraSAR-X: tree species WorldView-2TerraSAR-X 10/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 WorldView-2 versus TerraSAR-X: damaged ash WorldView-2TerraSAR-X 11/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 WorldView-2 versus TerraSAR-X: damaged Scots pine WorldView-2TerraSAR-X Overall accuracies of prediction (independent reference data) 72% 35% 12/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 Conclusions & outlook Multispectral WorldView-2 have a high potential for classifying: - tree species (7) - 4 different stages of damaged ash and Scots pine TerraSAR-X data less (not) appropriate (exceptions) Calculation of indices significantly (p = 0.01) improved classification accuracies Reasonable amount of effort regarding data acquisition and pre-processing Testing aerial images (lower costs, more flexible) 13/13
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Evaluating the potential of satellite data to classify tree species and multiple stages of tree damages RU-Science Day 4 June 2013 13/13 Thank you!
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