1. Summed Up in About 10 Minutes

2.  The Big Bang occurs and the universe is formed  The universe continually expands, as matter cools galaxies of stars and planets form  Thought to be about 13.7 billion years ago

3.  About 13.2 billion years go  Today consists of 200-400 million stars  Probably at least 10 billion planets considered a livable distance from a sun

4.  About 4.57 billion years  A supernova causes shockwaves which forces clouds of gas together  It’s incredible mass and gravity cause fusion reactions to occur- releasing lots of light and heat

5.  About 4.54 billion years ago  Leftover gases and dusts come together forming planets  Only took 10-20 million years  Moon forms about 4.53 billion years ago

6.  Had no oxygen  Was very hot and molten, but slowly began to cool  Volcanoes spewed gases into the air, forming a primitive atmosphere  Meteor/asteroid strikes were common

7.  About 4.4 billion years ago  The earth had cooled enough for water to condense  Thought to be where life first began

8.  UV radiation and lightening hitting simple gases was able to form complex molecules like:  Nucleotides  Proteins  Carbohydrates  Proved to be possible – we can do this in a lab!  Some alien molecules landed with asteroids?????

9.  We really don’t know, but believe it was about 3.5-3.9 billion years ago  This is where things get very hypothetical, there are a few models, each which have some evidence supporting them and some flaws  This is NOT ADDRESSED by Darwin or Evolution

10.  Self-replicating molecules must have formed  Thought to possibly be RNA?  Metabolism must have evolved  First life could manipulate its environment?  Membranes must have evolved  Lipids were first form of life?  Some combination of above 3?  Clay model?

11.  There is strong evidence that all life shares a single common ancestor  Evidence also suggests that it was a heterotrophic prokaryote  No organelles, no photosynthesis

12.  Last Universal Common Ancestor  DNA as code  RNA as code carrier  Ribosomes as protein factories  Amino acids/proteins  Cell membranes

13.  In bacteria-like simple organisms about 3.3 billion years ago  Produced oxygen which led to the ozone layer  Also led to the evolution of aerobic cellular respiration

14.  About 1.5-2.1 billion years ago  At some point we think one cell engulfed a photosynthetic bacteria – forming a cell with a chloroplast  Same thing happened to create mitochondria

15.  About 1 billion years ago  Probably has happened several times  Colonies of single cells came together??

16.  About 600 million years ago in water  Simple sponge- like creatures

17.  About 475 million years ago  Provide food on land  Insects follow about 75 million years later

18.  About 350 million years ago  A population of fish was able to survive on land for longer and longer periods of time over many generations

19.  About 200 million years ago (about 100 million years after reptiles, 50 million years before birds, 70 million years before flowers)  Were around with the dinosaurs

20.  About 55 million years ago  Thought to be small, the size of a squirrel

21.  About 2.5 million years ago  Which exact species are the ancestor not well understood

22.  About 200,000 years ago  About 0.004% of Earth’s existence, 0.005% of the time life has existed, and 0.03% of the time animals have existed  We have been around for a very short time (relatively)