1. Muslim Empire page

2. Bedouins Before Muhammad the Bedouins lived in tribes or groups. Lived in the extreme conditions of the desert. Ideals of courage and loyalty to family Skilled warriors

3. Muhammad Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 CE. –Mecca was a trading and religious center –Muhammad was a devout man who often meditated on the moral ills of Meccan society –Muhammad became a prophet at age 40 (610 CE) –His teachings threatened merchants because he wanted to remove the idols from the Ka’aba –Mohammad led his followers to Yathrib (Medina). This journey is called the hijra (622 CE)

4. Muhammad and his followers defeated the people of Mecca and returned to there to dedicate the Ka’aba to Allah (630 CE) Muhammad died in 632 CE. He had not named a successor to lead the community. Eventually believers chose Abu Bakr to be the first caliph. Under the first four caliphs the Muslim marched from victory to victory against the Byzantines and the Persians.

5. Create a timeline that stretches from 500 CE to 700 CE. Place the following important dates from the Rise of Islam on the timeline. 610 CE Muhammad becomes prophet 570 CE Muhammad born 630 CE Muhammad returned to Mecca 622 CE Muhammad left Mecca for Yathrib 632 CE Muhammad died 632 CE Abu Bakr became the first caliph 500 600 700 Muhammad Born Muhammad Becomes Prophet Muhammad Left Mecca for Yathrib Muhammad Returned to Mecca Muhammad Died Abu Bakr Became the First Caliph

6. Islamic Faith Muslims do not believe priests are necessary to mediate between people and God. Muslims gather in mosques to pray, but they may pray anywhere Muslims duties include the jihad which means to struggle in God’s service

7. Standard: SSWH5 The student will trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE. a. Origins of growth of the Islamic Empire. b. Identify the Muslim trade routes. c. Explain the reasons for the split between Sunni and Shia Muslims. d. Identify the contributions of Islamic scholars. EQ: What was the impact of the Islamic Empires on people today?

9. The Split between Sunnis and Shi’as

11. Teachings of Islam A.There is but one God (monotheism) 1. Muhammad is his messenger B. The Quran is the Holy Book of Islam. It is the sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad.

12. C. The Five Pillars of Islam 1.Faith – There is but one God, and Allah is his name. Muhammad was the last and greatest prophet 2. Prayer – Muslims face Mecca and pray five times a day 3.Alms – Muslims care for others by giving charity (alms) to the poor 4.Fast – Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan. 5. Hajj – Muslims must make a pilgrimage to pray at the Kaaba at Mecca at least once.

13. Umayyads Lasted from 661-750. Came to power following the death of Ali. Abandoned the simple life of previous caliphs and began to surround themselves with wealth and ceremony. Religious and political opposition led to the Umayyad downfall by rebel groups in 750. The most powerful of the rebel groups were the Abbasids who took control.

15. Abbasids Lasted from750-1258 Lasted from750-1258 Moved the capital of the Muslim Empire to Baghdad. Moved the capital of the Muslim Empire to Baghdad. Sent diplomats to lands as far as Europe, Asia & Africa. Sent diplomats to lands as far as Europe, Asia & Africa. To support a large government structure the Abbasids taxed land, imports, exports & non- Muslims. To support a large government structure the Abbasids taxed land, imports, exports & non- Muslims.

16. The Fatimid caliphate was formed by Shi’a Muslims tracing their descent from Muhammad’s daughter Fatima. The Abbasid dynasty fell due to poor leadership, the Fatimid revolt, and because the Seljuks captured Baghdad and launched attacks on the Muslim Empire.

18. Islamic Achievements Golden Age occurred during the reign of the Abbasids.Golden Age occurred during the reign of the Abbasids. Developed the House of Wisdom to translate scientific and philosophical text in to Arabic.Developed the House of Wisdom to translate scientific and philosophical text in to Arabic. Developed calligraphy or ornamental writing.Developed calligraphy or ornamental writing. Comprehensive Books detailing medical treatments. Comprehensive Books detailing medical treatments. Used scientific observation and experimentation to make advances in Math and Science.Used scientific observation and experimentation to make advances in Math and Science.

19. Islamic Trade Routes

20. Muslim trade routes connected Asia with the Mediterranean world. In Asia, they penetrated as far as China and India and journeyed over the ancient Silk Road. Muslim traders also traveled across northern Africa as far as Timbuktu. As they traveled, traders spread Muslim culture to Europe, Africa, and Asia.

21. Trade Goods IndiaChinaByzantineArabia Northwest Africa EgyptBlack Sea Southwest Persia TigersSilkSilver/GoldArab HorsesLeopardsDonkeysSlavesSugar EbonyPorcelain Embroidered cloth Ostriches Black Falcons PapyrusAmourDates CoconutsPaperSlave GirlsTanned Hides Acacia Felts Balsam OilHelmetsMolasses ElephantsCinnamonMarble Thoroughbred Camels Topaz Castrated Slaves Red RubiesInkRed Copper