1. Islam Unit 2, SSWH 5 a & c

2. How did the religion Islam expand?

3. SSWH 5 a & c
Explain the origins of Islam and the growth of the Islamic Empire.
Explain the reasons for the split between Sunni and Shia Muslims.

4. Origins of Islam
Muhammad (founder), Allah sent him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad was told he is a messenger.
Islam: “submission to the will of Allah” in Arabic
Muslim: “one who has submitted”
Muhammad: considered the last & greatest prophet

5. Beliefs 5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, & Pilgrimage
People are responsible for their own actions
Qur’an or Koran: Muslim holy book
People follow the Sunna (Muhammad’s example) & Shar’ia (law)

6. Religion Divides
Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn’t tell how to choose a successor (caliph)
Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni and Shi’a
“Rightly Guided Caliphs” 4 were chosen after Muhammad’s death: loyal friends of Muhammad

7. Sunni
Believed Muslim rulers should follow the Sunna, Muhammad’s example

8. Shi’a
Believed Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law, should have succeed Muhammad
Believed Muslim rulers should descend from Muhammad

9. Jot your answer – 1 Minute –
The LAST Word…
Create an ACROSTIC by brainstorming all the things you remember about ISLAM: I: S: L: A: M:
Jot your answer – 1 Minute –
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10. Muslim Contributions To The World Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d

11. How did the religion Islam expand?

12. SSWH 5 b & d
Identify the Muslim trade routes to India, China, Europe, and Africa and assess the economic impact of this trade.
Identify the contributions of Islamic scholars in medicine (Ibn Sina) and geography (Ibn Battuta).

13. Trade & Economy Major trading network.
Connected China, Europe, & India
Muslims only needed to speak Arabic & one currency, Abbasid dinar
Muslims created banks for trade & “sakk” (checks) (prevented travelers from being robbed)

14. Impact on Society Education: Encouraged within Muslim Culture
House of Wisdom—preserves knowledge
Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries
Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources
Al-Razi: greatest physicians – wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster

15. Impact on Society Medicine:
Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person’s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart
Geography:
Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders

16. Impact on Society Math:
Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra
Science:
Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics
Art:
Calligraphy
The Thousand and One Nights

17. Jot your answers – 1 Minute –
WORD SPLASH
Using these words create a meaningful sentence which explains Muslims contributions to the world.
Silk Road Dinar Sakk Al-Razi
Ibn-Sina Mecca Ibn-Battuta
Arabic
Jot your answers – 1 Minute –
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18. Muslim Empires Unit 2, SSWH 12 a & b

19. What were the origins and contributions of the Ottomans, Safavid, and Mughal empires?

20. a. Describe the geographical extent of the Ottoman Empire during the rule of Suleyman the Magnificent, the Safavid Empire during the reign of Shah Abbas I, and the Mughal Empire during the reigns of Babur and Akbar. b. Explain the ways in which these Muslim empires influenced religion, law, and the arts in their parts of the world.

21. Ottoman Empire (Modern Turkey)
Suleyman-Known as the Magnificent for his court & cultural achievements, created a law code
Conquers parts of Europe, Asia, & Africa
Simplified taxation & govt., everyone wanted in the army = education
Toleration: Christians & Jews (1 god & Holy Book)
Cultures (religion, art, architecture, language, trade) spread

22. Safavid Empire (Ancient Persia/Modern Iran)
Shah Abbas I, Golden Age (time of prosperity)
Changed the army (based on loyalty – not just a job)
Punished corruption within the govt, also brought foreigners to work in the govt.
Religious toleration, which increased trade, art, culture

23. Mughal Empire (Modern India)
Babur: brilliant general, formed Mughal Empire
Akbar: means “Greatest One” a Liberal Ruler (grandson of Babur)
Had an extensive army & used it, religious freedom
Abolished tax on Hindu pilgrims & non-Muslims
Govt. run by different foreign officials
Developed a style of architecture
* Both Safavid and Ottoman declined (poor leadership)

24. Muslim Influence Religion
Tolerant, most empires allowed practicing of their own religion
Few had to pay taxed because of religious beliefs
Law
Suleyman created a law code to handle both criminal & civil actions

25. Continued Art Calligraphy: beautiful handwriting
Architecture was the greatest way to show blending of cultures
Each empire was tolerant which encourage foreigners to travel & bring new ideas of culture with them

26. Kinfolk Jot your Answer – 1 Minute – Prepare to Share
What do the Ottomans, Safavid, and Mughal empires have in common?
Jot your Answer – 1 Minute – Prepare to Share

27. Crusades Unit 2, SSWH 5 e & f

28. How did the religion Islam expand?

29. SSWH 5 e
Describe the impact of the Crusades on both the Islamic World and Europe. Analyze the relationship between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

30. Crusades,
Byzantine emperor Alexius Comnenus called for help against the invading Muslims
Pope Urban II called for a “holy war”, to regain control of the Holy Land (Byzantine Empire & Jerusalem)
At least 9 different Crusades over this time period (1-4 the most notable)

31. Impact on Europe Christian Europe continues dislike towards Muslims
Kings & church were able to have quarrelling knights sent off
Second sons & others, who wouldn’t inherit anything, left home to make something of themselves

32. Continued Economically: trade increased
Jerusalem stayed within the control of the Muslims, but agreed that Christians could visit
Weakened & lessened the power of the Pope
Kings power increased, fewer knights & feudal land lords to go against kings

33. Impact on Muslim World Muslims disliked Christians
Persecution of Muslims:
Spanish Inquisition and Reconquista (cleansing)
Economy weakens from lack of trade
Culture spreads from interaction with European knights

34. 1 Word Summary JOT YOUR ANSWER – 1 MINUTE PREPARE TO SHARE
Write one word that summarizes the Crusades…
Write 2-3 sentences explaining why you chose that word.
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