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Chapter 10 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 1 Understanding and Planning Reports and Proposals.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 10 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 1 Understanding and Planning Reports and Proposals."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 10 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 1 Understanding and Planning Reports and Proposals

2 Learning Objectives 1.Applying the Three-Step Process 2.Supporting messages with research 3.Using primary and secondary research 4.Planning informational reports 5.Planning analytical reports 6.Planning proposals Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 2

3 Applying the Three-Step Writing Process to Reports and Proposals Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 3

4 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 4 The Three-Step Process Situation Information Medium Organization Revise Produce Proofread Distribute Adapt to the Audience Adapt to the Audience Compose the Message Compose the Message PlanningCompletingWriting

5 Analyze Situation Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 5 PurposePurpose Work PlanWork Plan

6 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 6 Gather Information AudienceAudience PurposePurpose

7 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 7 Select the Medium Media Requirements Media Requirements Document Uses Document Uses Feedback Preferences Feedback Preferences Subject Matter Subject Matter

8 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 8 Organize Information DirectDirect IndirectIndirect

9 Supporting Your Messages with Reliable Information Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 9

10 Plan Your Research Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 10 Problem StatementEssential InformationResearch Questions

11 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 11 Ethics and Research Keep an open mindKeep an open mind Respect privacy of participantsRespect privacy of participants Document and credit sourcesDocument and credit sources Respect intellectual property rightsRespect intellectual property rights Don’t distort information from sourcesDon’t distort information from sources Don’t misrepresent your intentionsDon’t misrepresent your intentions

12 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 12 Data and Information PrimaryResearch SecondaryResearch

13 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 13 Reputation Potential Bias Purpose Credibility Methodology Verification Completeness Logical Scrutiny Evaluating Sources

14 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 14 Use Research Results Avoid Plagiarism CiteSourcesObserveContext Summarizing Paraphrasing Quoting

15 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 15 Apply the Results ConcludingConcluding RecommendingRecommending

16 Conducting Secondary Research Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 16

17 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 17 Library Research Newspapers or Periodicals Newspapers or Periodicals Business Books Business Books Membership Directories Membership Directories Almanacs and Statistics Government Publications Electronic Databases

18 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 18 Internet Search Tools

19 Online Monitoring Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 19

20 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 20 Search Techniques Keywords Boolean Operators Boolean Operators Natural Language Natural Language Forms-Based

21 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 21 Instructions Instructions Options Options Search Terms Search Terms Search Scope Search Scope First Results First Results Fine Tune Searches

22 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 22 Document Sources ► Headings and Links ► Transitional Devices ► Previews and Reviews ► Credit Original Material ► Support Your Message ► Assist Your Readers

23 Conducting Primary Research Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 23

24 Conducting Surveys Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 24 Provide clear instructions Ask for information people can remember Keep questionnaires short and easy to use Formulate easy-to-analyze questions

25 Conducting Surveys Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 25 Avoid asking leading questions Avoid ambiguous descriptors Avoid compound questions Consider online services and software

26 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 26 Conducting Interviews Select Questions Ask Questions Open-Ended Closed Sequence Answers

27 Planning Informational Reports Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 27

28 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 28 Organize Reports Comparison Importance Sequence Chronology Geography Category

29 Organize Websites Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 29

30 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 30 Information Architecture Site Navigation Reader Control Information “Chunks”

31 Planning Analytical Reports Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 31

32 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 32 Analytical Reports Opportunities Opportunities Problems Problems Decisions Decisions

33 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 33 Analytical Challenges Analysis Analysis Persuasion Persuasion Responsibility Responsibility

34 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 34 Focus on Conclusions OpportunitiesChallenges Audience Direct Approach Data or Methods Oversimplifying

35 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 35 Recommendations 1.Establish the need for action 2.Introduce the overall benefits 3.List the required steps 4.Explain each step more fully 5.Summarize the recommendations

36 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 36 2 + 2 = 4 YardstickYardstick Logical Arguments

37 Planning Proposals Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 37

38 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 38 Proposal Structures SolicitedSolicited UnsolicitedUnsolicited

39 Understanding and Planning Reports and Proposals Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice HallChapter 10 - 39

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