1. Cause and Effect Text Structure
Tenochtitlan: Inside the Aztec Capital and Popocatepetl and Ixtlaccihuatl
Cause and Effect
Text Structure

2. Shattered rock carried upwards
Volcano by Patricia Lauber
Volcano blast
Cause
Shattered rock carried upwards
Effects/Causes
Rock shatters
Effect/Cause
Effects

3. City Growth
Effect
City Growth
Cause #1
Cause #2
Cause #3

4. Industrialization in the 19th century—factory jobs located in cities
City Growth
Effect
City Growth
Cause #1
Industrialization in the 19th century—factory jobs located in cities
Cause #2
Schools created for factory worker children and cities held the promise of a better education
Cause #3
The culture of urban life (entertainment, museums, theaters) drew people away from rural farms to the more interesting cities.

5. Build Skill Page 848 Build Understanding Page 849 Reading Skill
Literary Analysis
Background
Connecting to Literature (Vocab)
Cause-
Effect-
Strategy-
Key/Signal Words-
SAVE THIS COLUMN FOR WHEN WE START THE LEGEND ON WEDNESDAY
Origins of Mexico City-
Location-
Effects of Location –
Definitions/Synonyms:
Adapt: get used to,
Modify: change
Detect: notice, find
Maximize: increase,
Minimize: make smaller, decrease

6. Connecting to Literature
1. You have to adapt to geographic factors, such
as landforms and climate, when you plan a city.
2. You might need to modify your vision; for example, if you discover wetlands where you want to build houses.
3. It’s helpful to detect potential problems before they arise.
4. By planning ahead, you can minimize your chances of failure and maximize your chances of success.

7. Cause and Effect
Because I set the alarm incorrectly,
I woke up at 4:00 a.m.
Cause/Effect
I got out of bed very early and began the day.
Due to getting up so early, I was sleepy at school
Warm-up—Think about an average day and create a Cause and Effect chart using three events in your day.
USE CLUE/SIGNAL WORDS!

9. Legend- a traditional story about the past
King Arthur
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
Robin Hood
Before legends were written down, they were passed on orally. Legends are based on facts (something that can be proved to be true) that have grown into fiction in the many retellings over the generations.
Every culture has its own legends, most legends include:
a) a human who is larger than life.
b) fantastic elements
c) roots or basis in historical facts
d) events that reflect the culture that created the story

10. 1. distort 2.extraordinary 3. denounce 4. equitable 5. contract
Match the word with the definition on the right. Use you vocabulary stems to help you. Add what stem is found in each word and its meaning.
1. distort  
2.extraordinary
3. denounce  
4. equitable  
5. contract
A. characterized by justice or fairness toward those involved
B. to criticize or condemn something publicly and harshly; to put somebody down
C. a formal or legally binding agreement
D. to bend, twist, or force something out of its usual or natural shape
E. very unusual or deserving attention because of being wonderful, excellent, strange or shocking

11. 1. intercept 2. malice 3. introvert 4. mishap 5. intramural
Match the word with the definition on the right. Use you vocabulary stems to help you. Add what stem is found in the word and what it means.
1. intercept
2. malice
3. introvert
4. mishap
5. intramural
A. an accident or an unfortunate accident or piece of bad luck
B. within a school or institution, occurring within or involving members of the same school
C. to come between or prevent people or objects from reaching their destination by diverting them
D. the bad intention or desire to cause harm or pain to somebody
E. somebody whose feelings and thoughts are directed into one’s self