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Photosynthesis in Microorganisms
General, Archaen, Anoxygenic, and Oxygenic
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General Photosynthesis
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Types of Phototrophs – based on Carbon source for synthesis
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Fundamentals of Photsynthetic Activity and Cell Arrangement
Highly folded inner membrane Thylakoid, lamelle, tubes, vessicles, chlorosomes, grana Pigments Chlorophyll, bacteriochlorophyll, rhodopsin, carotenoid, phycobillins Light reactions electron transport, proton gradient, ATPase
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Fundamentals of Photsynthetic Activity and Cell Arrangement
Internal Space Stroma, cytoplasm, carboxysome CO2-Fixation Calvin-Bensen Cycle, Reductive TCA cycle, glyoxylate pathway Dark Reactions
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Modes or Styles of Photosynthesis
Archaean Unique, simple Anoxygenic Various pigments: purple or green H2S or H2 as electron donor Oxygenic Similar to plants and algae H2O as electron donor
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Reducing Power? Cyanobacteria, Algae, Plants
Electrons from H2O reduce NADP+ to NADPH NADPH used in reduction of CO2 to Glucose
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Reducing Power? Purple and green bacteria
Electrons from H2S (or H2) reduce NADP+ to NADPH NADPH used in reduction of CO2 to Glucose
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Pigments Small differences in Chemical structure Properties
Magnesium Porphoryn Phytol Large differences in light absorbed
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Carotenoids Chlorophyll
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Archaean Photosynthesis
Halophilic Bacteria Salterns, sea-salt farms, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake
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Archaean Photosynthesis
Halophilic Bacteria Salterns, sea-salt farms, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake Bacteriorhodopsin Examples Halobacterium
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Anoxygenic Phototsynthesis
Ancient form of metabolism – predates oxygenic photosynthesis and aerobic respiration Bacteria Designated by Pigments – Purple or Green Electron Donor – Sulfur or Non-sulfur Cyclic Photophosphorylation
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Winogradsky Column
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Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria
Group Genera Light Reactions Dark Reactions Comments Purple Non-Sulfur Rhodospirillum Rhodobacter Rhodopseudomonas Bchl a, b Red carotenoids H2, ethanol as e- donors (rare heterotroph) N-fixation in some
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Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria
Group Genera Light Reactions Dark Reactions Comments Purple Sulfur Chromatium Thiocapsa Ectothiocapsa Bchl a, b Red carotenoids H2S, S e- donors Internal and External Sulfur Granules
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Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria
Group Genera Light Reactions Dark Reactions Comments Green Sulfur Chlorobium Bchl c, d, e Green carotenoids (chlorosome) H2S as e- donor May contain gas vesicles
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Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria
Group Genera Light Reactions Dark Reactions Comments Green Non- Sulfur Chloroflexus Bchl c, d, e Green carotenoids (chlorosome) H2 as e- donor (rare heterotroph) filamentous
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