1. S tadsmonitor A msterdam

2. Contents What does S tadsmonitor A msterdam bring about? Why S tadsmonitor A msterdam? How does S tadsmonitor A msterdam operate? What are the applications?

3. S tadsmonitor A msterdam What does it bring about? The S tadsmonitor A msterdam shows spatial concentrations of phenomena. The monitor shows whether concentrations are persistent or temporary: spatial dynamics.

4. example: concentrations of age categories, 1-1-2000 25-54 yr (green border) and 55+ yr (yellow)

5. Why S tadsmonitor A msterdam? To show the condition of the city in various domains of participation in society. To follow a limited number of spatial processes over a longer time period, in great detail (city, city-districts, neighbourhoods, street and block levels)

6. What are the domains? Demographic basis Housing stock Population Participation Unemployment Education Benefit dependency Criminality

7. S tadsmonitor A msterdam How does it operate? Data at six digit postcode level First, each six digit postcode is mapped as an area that encloses the co-ordinates of all addresses. Adjacent areas that fit the criteria with respect to content, are combined into concentration areas and mapped. The most important standard for these constructions of concentrations is percentage-level of the phenomenon under consideration in the initial postcode area (frequently from two standard deviations above the mean, but more critical levels are also allowed).

8. An example of the construction of concentration areas of a blown up detail of the city (700x700 meter)

9. All six digit postcodes in the area

10. Construction of concentrations of Moroccan households (hh): only postcodes with at least 12.87% Moroccan hh.(1-1-2000)

11. Extension of these postcodes with 25 meter around

16. Areas with low density are removed

20. Areas are combined in new units: concentration areas of Moroccan households, 1-1-2000

22. Some characteristics of the new concentration areas: number and percentage of Moroccan hh on 1-1-2000

23. For privacy reasons only new areas with a minimum of 10 Moroccan households are shown

26. Users may apply additional criteria for the construction of concentration areas

30. What are the applications? The S tadsmonitor A msterdam may be applied for three purposes:  Exploration  Description of developments  Testing of hypotheses and ideas about spatial concentrations and developments

31. Application exploration: example 1 Unemployment An exploration of the maps with concentrations of unemployment showed us that there are certain areas in Amsterdam Zuidoost (Southeast) with concentrations of long-term and short-term unemployed people in similar areas.

32. Concentrations of short-term unemployment (yellow), and long-term unemployment (green borders), 1999

33. is this a ghetto-area where people cannot escape from? Is there a specific relation with the urban restructuring policies in the rest of Amsterdam Southeast? Is the concentration of long-term unemployed persistent because the residents are unable to improve their housing situation? Is the concentration of short-term unemployed persistent because this is the lower end of the housing market, which attracts marginalized people, who are unable to get a job, again and again? Additional analyses showed us that these areas are also characterized by youth unemployment, concentrations of non- western immigrants, high levels of social benefits, etceteras. Questions that arise are:

34. Application: description of a process Unstable Moroccan concentrations 1996 and 2000 A shift from pre-war areas towards post-war areas

35. Concentrations of Moroccans 1996: yellow, 16 areas; 2000: green borders, 18 areas

36. Moroccan clusters19941996199819992000 minimum nr. of Moroccans462480509531551 minimum percentage of Moroccans 21,222,022,823,223,6

37. Application: testing of hypotheses Some areas are not affected by even a long period of economic growth; concentrations of people on social benefits are not in decline everywhere.

38. Concentrations of people on social welfare 1996 (yellow): 13 areas, total: 3969 welfare recipients 2000 (green borders): 10 areas, total: 2560 welfare recipients