1. Christian Nord LANE 462 PRACTICUM IN TRANSLATION The aims of our presentation are : 1-To focus on the meaning than translating the word it self without give attention to the difference between languages. 2- To care about the reader’s understanding rather than the translator. 3- To communicate with other cultures and make the gap between languages bridgeable.

2. The Theory of functional translation: 1-The functional translator should use communicative approach in the translated text as an essential factor. 2-The translator should concentrate on cultural text and its audience without losing his /her original text. 3-Theory has its supporters as well as its opponents that said this theory does not work with Literary Translation. Christian Nord

3. Translation should give this information: 1- The intended text functions 2- The addressees 3- The time and place of text 4- The medium 5- The motive Types of translation : 1-Documentary : where the reader knows that the text has been translated. 2-Instrumental : where the reader believes that the translated text is an original.

4. Christian Nord This kind of theory ( functional translation ) give attention to the function of the translation which is different from one language to another Mohammed Anani gives ex. about this theory of 2 Egyptian people: Source language : Arabic ناوي تبيع بكم؟ صلي ع النبي.. اللهم صلي عليك يانبي زيد النبي صلاهـ كمان.. اللهم صلي عليه.. هيه؟ Examples: Functional translation: 1-what your selling price 2-relax and bless the prophet 1-ohhh.. may he be blessed 2-once more bless him.. please 1-OMG may he be blessed..well Literal language : 1 –what your selling price ? 2-bless the prophet. 1-may he be blessed 2-once more bless him 1-may he be blessed..well

5. Christian Nord The conclusion : 1- This theory serves as one of the linguistic appooches. 2-It considers the relationship between the language used by the author of the SL text and the social and cultural setting behind the original text. 3-It is designed to train translator for the functional translation to make the source script more comprehensive. Presented By : Hind Al-Solamy - Lama khalid – Nedaa mohammed Najla naser –Meaad al-jehani.