2. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service1 Individual and Group Dynamics Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

3. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 2 Individual and Group Dynamics Session Goal Group dynamics Individual dynamics Dynamics of group decision making

4. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 3 Four Stages of Group Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

5. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 4 Forming Orientation l Formation l Gathering information l Determining place in the group l Feelings --hopeful, some anxiety, high expectations l Morale - moderately high l Productivity low Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

6. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 5 Storming Dissatisfaction Separation Feelings - frustrated, confused, dissatisfaction Morale - low Productivity - low-moderate Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

7. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 6 Norming Resolution Role clarification Working through gap between hopes and reality and interpersonal difficulties Developing harmony, trust, support, and mutual respect Productivity - moderately high Morale - improving Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

8. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 7 Performing Production Unification Feeling satisfaction/excitement Working collaboratively & interdependently Performing at high levels: synergy & success Productivity high Morale high Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

9. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 8 Stages of Group Development Collaboration Forming Storming Norming Performing Source: Modified from the USDA Social Sciences Institute

10. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 9 Participant Styles and Roles Individual Types of Behaviors Facilitative behaviors are the actions one takes to make meetings run smoother - functional Dysfunctional behavior reduces the group’s effectiveness through actions or omissions (not sharing data).

11. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 10 Individual Dynamics Participant Styles and Roles Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

12. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 11 Participant Style and Role Initiator Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

13. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 12 Participant Style and Role The Critic Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

14. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 13 Participant Style and Role The Supporter - Elaborator Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

15. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 14 Participant Style and Role The Volunteer Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

16. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 15 Participant Style and Role The Recorder Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

17. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 16 Participant Style and Role The Go-Between / Gatekeeper Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

18. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 17 Participant Style and Role The Group Process Observer Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

19. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 18 Participant Style and Role The Flexible Leader Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

20. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 19 Participant Style and Role Facilitative Participants Are active participants in the discussion Listen carefully and are open to others’ ideas Help the group stay focused Support the ground rules Help the facilitator remain substantially neutral and the recorder be accurate

21. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 20 Participant Style and Role Facilitative Attitudes Neutral - suspending thoughts or feelings Win/Win - agreements are possible and desirable Flexible - move with the group Non-defensive - keeps the focus off you Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

22. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 21 Facilitating Individual and Group Behaviors Preventions - done at the start of or during the that prevent the meeting from going off tract Interventions - done during the meeting that help get the meeting back on tract Source: USDA Social Sciences Institute

23. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 22 Dynamics of Group Decision- Making Divergent thinking Convergent thinking Source: Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making, S. Kaner, 1996

24. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 23 Divergent Thinking Generating alternatives Free-for-all open discussion Gathering diverse points of view Breaking down a problem into pieces Source: Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making, S. Kaner, 1996

25. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 24 Convergent Thinking Evaluating alternatives Summarizing key points Sorting ideas into categories Arriving at a general conclusion Source: Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making, S. Kaner, 1996

26. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 25 The Groan Zone Divergent thinking Groan Zone Convergent Thinking Source: Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making, S. Kaner, 1996

27. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 26 The Diamond of Participatory Decision-Making Groan Zone Diverge Zone Converge Zone New Topic Closure Zone Source: Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making, S. Kaner, 1996

28. June 2002USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 27 Individual and Group Dynamics Module Summary Group dynamics Individual dynamics Dynamics of group decision making