1. NİLGÜL NALBANT Coordinator of Seminar : Mersini Makropoulou

2. 20.05.20152

3. Laser – Tissue Interactions 20.05.20153

4. CONTENT: 20.05.20154

5. What is the CARDIOLOGY?  CARDIOLOGY is a science which researches anatomy, physiology and pathology of the heart and the vessels.  Disturbances in the heart and vessels are diagnosed and treated by CARDIOLOGY.  All important diseases are defined by CARDIOLOGY. 20.05.20155

6. Laser Angioplasty  Laser Angioplasty is one of the methods which is used for defining the injuries.  At the Laser Angioplasty, light energy is transferred to the tissue. 20.05.20156

7. The transfer of the light energy into a tissue depends on three factors:  The wavelength of the light  Its power density  The chemical and physical properties of the target 20.05.20157

8. Photon energy in electron-volts of some lasers currently in use or under investigation for medical applications. 20.05.20158

9.  The absorption of the laser radiation by the tissue is given by the equation: I* = I e -αL I* = Intensity of the light transmitted I= Intensity of the light beam α= absorptivity of the target tissue L= thickness of the tissue 20.05.20159

10.  If the absorption is strong, the photons penetrate to depth of only 1/10 th to 1/100 th of a mm from the tissue surface.  Strong absorption tends to minimize the thermal damage to the underlying areas because the diffusion of heat from the laser photons is minimized. 20.05.201510

11.  The density of the photon stream or power density is one of two factors that control the density of excited molecules in the tissue the instant the light beam strikes.  At the power levels at which lasers operate, the laser- tissue interaction is by no means limited to given molecule’s being excited by just one photon. 20.05.201511

12. 20.05.2015 12 Time(sn) Photochemical reactions coagulation Vaporization Photo ablation photoabsorption POWER DENSITY

13. This is explain by:  Fluence = Energy deposited/ area  Power density = Energy deposited / time  Power density = Fluence / time 20.05.201513

14. The overall process of using the photon energy of pulsed laser to cause a transformation in a tissue can be sorted into three individual step: 1. Absorption of the photon 2. Bond breaking 3. Ablation of the products 20.05.201514

15. 20.05.201515 Irradiation Absorption Bond Breaking Ablation Laser Beam Mask Tissue Long- chain Molecules

16. What are advantages of The Laser in the Angioplasty? 20.05.201516 1)It differentiates the damaged vessel from the normal vessels. 2)It is used at the tissue catheterization.

17. 20.05.201517

18. ANGIOPLASTY KOCAELİÜNİVERSİTESİTIP F. –CARDIOLOGY LABORATORY 20.05.201518

19. 20.05.201519 ANGIOPLASTY KOCAELİÜNİVERSİTESİTIP F. –CARDIOLOGY LABORATORY

20. 20.05.201520 Anatomic appearanceAngiographical appearance Narrowed artery

21.  THE ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY Dr.Cevdet ERDÖL, Doc.Dr.Nazim A R S L A N, Prof.Dr.Dcnlz DEMlRKAN GATA Cardiology ABD, ANKARA 20.05.201521