1. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Year 7 Upgrade Abduction Activity 1: Just water? A teaching sequence from the Forensics unit of upd8 wikid

2. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Students use universal indicator and litmus to test the contents of the bottle The cola bottle doesn’t contain cola, so is the colourless liquid water? What other colourless liquids do the students know? Students use universal indicator to test various colourless liquids Substances are acidic, alkaline or neutral. We can test this using indicators Students evaluate theories as to why the bottle was in Dizzie’s room. 2 7E Learning Cycle Dizzie has disappeared. Billie and Dragon begin collecting evidence to find her This page may have been changed from the original© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010

3. This page may have been changed from the original Objectives: Use universal indicator colours to classify solutions as acidic, alkaline or neutral. Use pH values to classify substances as acidic, alkaline or neutral. Activity 1: Just water? 3

4. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 4 Hey Billie, look at this. It’s a MISPER report. Wow! It’s Dizzie Anning. At 5pm, her mum took her a cup of tea. By 7, she was gone. Dizzie? My best friend? Kidnapped? Help! Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate There’s a map. Look… The arrows show points of entry.

5. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 5 Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Mr Fixit DIY store Hungry Hippo café Mrs Pills Pharmacy Mrs Beeton’s cook shop Mason’s yard Mr De’Ath undertaker Dizzie’s house Alley Car park Mr Fixit DIY Cleaning products Tools and hardware Building supplies Park and playground Mrs Beeton’s Cook Shop Pots and pans Dishes and baskets Cooking ingredients Tableware Mrs Pill’s Pharmacy Toiletries Medicines Cosmetics Hungry Hippo Café Hot and cold drinks Snacks Cakes De’Ath Funeral services Coffins with silver and gold fittings Silk linings Tomb stones Embalming services Hearses Dizzie’s bedroom window Activity 1: Just water? SS1

6. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 6 Right. The police know this much. The café and pharmacy were open, and busy. The other shops were closed. The police wrote down everything they sell. Any suspects? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate And there’s an alley behind Dizzie’s house. It has a high fence. You can’t see it from the road. It opens into the park and at the traffic lights. Activity 1: Just water?

7. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 7 Yes – 3. Mr Fixit, Mrs Beeton and Mr De’Ath. They all hate Dizzie’s dad. I guess that’s the motive. Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate OK you two. Go join the crime scene investigators at Dizzie’s house. Draw the scene. Mark on it everything you find. Bring back samples of anything odd. We must find that abductor. And fast. Activity 1: Just water?

8. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 8 Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Activity 1: Just water? SS2 specimen B – white powder under and next to fish tank stand specimen G – white material caught on window frame specimen E on bedside table (little pieces) specimen F on floor (little pieces) jewellery box left open specimen D – fibres by chair bottle under bed specimen C – white powder by window and end of bed carrier bag under bed – looks like someone had a rummage in it turned over chair laptop on floor ART specimen A on and under desk

9. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 9 Hey Billie – look, found this in Dizzie’s bin… Any use? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Activity 1: Just water? Wow. That note could be really useful. But we need all the samples, too! You forgot the bottle from under Dizzie’s bed. Can you go back and get it, Dragon?

10. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 10 Let’s check out that bottle. See what’s in it. It’s obviously not coke… It’s just water! How can that help us find Dizzie? It’s not evidence, is it? Don’t you be so sure, Dragon. Not all colourless liquids are water. Can you think of any? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate

11. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 11 Hmm. So Dr Sherl reckons it could be an acid or something. They sell acids in the Cook Shop…and the DIY store. Could be useful evidence. Right. So how can we find out? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate This page may have been changed from the original

12. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 12 Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Here. Take this. It’s universal indicator. Add it to some acids and alkalis. Is there a pattern? Activity 1: Just water? This page may have been changed from the original

13. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Name of substanceColour with universal indicator Activity 1: Just water? 13 Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate SS3

14. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 14 But what are acids? What do they do? Now sort the substances into two groups – acids and alkalis. Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Acid Alkali Use the chart to decide which are which.

15. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 15 Acids are sour. Can you pick out the acids from here? And alkalis? What are they like? They can be corrosive. That means they burn your skin. But vinegar isn’t corrosive, because it’s mixed with lots of water. Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate

16. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 16 But they’re not all bad – even toothpaste and soap are slightly alkaline. Alkalis are the opposite of acids. They can be corrosive, too. Sodium hydroxide does more damage to your eyes than many acids. Activity 1: Just water? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate This page may have been changed from the original

17. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 17 Yes. Get your test tubes from earlier. Try matching them to this. It’s the pH scale. But don’t we need more accurate information for our evidence? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate

18. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 18 Hmmm. So the more alkaline a substance is, the higher its pH ? And the more acidic a substance is, the... …lower its pH! But some substances aren’t acidic or alkaline. Where do we put them? Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate

19. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 19 Cool. And in neutral solutions, universal indicator is… They’re neutral. Their pH is 7. Pure water is neutral. So is salty water. And some poisons. …green! Let’s get on with looking at that bottle. Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate

20. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 20 Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Well, its pH is pretty low. Must be… …hydrochloric acid! But how can you be so sure? Maybe it’s something else, like sulfuric or nitric acid. At least we know it’s not vinegar. So where’s it from, then?

21. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 21 Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate Good question. You can think about that in a minute. But first check that it’s definitely an acid. Use this other indicator – litmus. Litmus goes red in acid and blue in alkali.

22. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 22 De’ath Funeral Services Coffins with gold and silver fittings Ropes to lower coffins into graves Silk linings Tombstones Embalming services Ms Pill ’ s Pharmacy Toiletries Medicines Cosmetics Hot and cold drinks Snacks Cakes Hungry Hippo CaféMr Fixit DIY Cleaning products Tools and hardware Building supplies Ropes Mrs Beeton’s Cook Shop Pots and pans Dishes and baskets Cooking ingredients Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate SS4

23. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 23 The kidnapper dropped the bottle. Who would have it, and why? The bottle is Dizzie’s. She collected it when she and her dad were investigating a scam at a local business. The bottle is Dizzie’s. The bottle is not Dizzie’s and not the kidnapper’s. Why else would it be in her room? She took some household substances to school for an experiment, but forgot one. Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate SS5

24. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Activity 1: Just water? 24 OK. Now, prepare a presentation for the detectives. They need evidence that it’s not just water in the bottle. Tell them where you think the bottle came from, and why. Use evidence to support your opinion. Engage ElicitExploreExplainElaborateExtendEvaluate

25. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original Picture Slide Credit Picture credits Activity from the Forensics unit © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010. Teachers and others who download this material may use it freely within their institution. For any other usage consult the upd8 team, upd8@ase.org.uk ASE and upd8 are not responsible for any revision that may be made to the material after it has been downloaded.