1. Introduction to Agricultural Science and Technology

2. What do we use wood for?

3.  Define the chapter terms on an exam with 90% accuracy.  Explain and identify the types of woodworking hammers on quiz with 90% accuracy.  Identify woodworking hammer parts on a test with 90% accuracy.  Compare and contrast the uses of the different woodworking hammers on an exam with 90% accuracy.  Demonstrate the safe/proper use of a woodworking hammer in a laboratory activity with 100% accuracy.

4.  Why are there specific hammers for different tasks?  Why do we need to learn the different types of woodworking hammers?  Why is it important to understand the uses of a woodworking hammer?  Why is it important to use proper safety techniques while using a woodworking hammer?

5.  What is a hammer?  What are the types of woodworking hammers?  What are the different weights of hammers?  What are the different material hammers are made out of?  What are the uses of these types of hammers?  What are the correct safety techniques for using a woodworking hammer?  What are the parts to a hammer?

6.  A hammer is a simple tool designed to manually drive nails, brads, and other fasteners into softer materials, such as wood or drywall.  Fastener: Fasteners, such as nails and screws, are used to connect two things together.

7. ▪ A hammer has a head and a handle, or shaft. ▪ The components of the head depend on the type and use of the hammer, but most have a face that strikes the fastener behind the bell and neck, which holds the handle. The opposite end of the head may have a forked nail-puller (called a claw hammer) or a peen (small face for driving pins or tacks).

9. ▪ Handle- stick like, where you grab the hammer ▪ Grip- lower section of the hammer where you hold it to hammer ▪ Wedge- the nail-like pieces holding the head of the hammer to the handle. ▪ Eye- top part of the handle that fits into the head of the hammer. ▪ Cheek- flat area on the side of the hammer. ▪ Peen- instead of a claw, there is a round end.

10. ▪ Claw- for pulling out nails ▪ Neck- between bell and cheek ▪ Head- whole top of hammer including claw, cheek, bell, face, wedge, and eye. ▪ Bell- round part behind face ▪ Face- flat spot where fastener is hit

11.  Curved claw hammer  Ripping claw hammer

12.  Uses  For use with non-hardened, common or finishing nails only. Choose 16 or 20 oz. weights for general carpentry. Lighter weights for model work or fine cabinetry.

13.  Uses  For use with non-hardened, common or finishing nails only. Choose weights from 20 to 32 oz. for framing and ripping.

14.  Use the face or striking surface side of the claw hammerhead as you would any hammer. Striking the face against a nail applies the force needed to set the nail.  Remove nails from wood with a curved-claw hammer by placing the opening between the two claws under a nail head and slowly apply upward pressure to the handle of the hammer to pull the nail out of the wood.  Pry two boards that have been nailed together apart by placing the claws into the opening between the boards and apply upward pressure on the handle. This is not the intended use for a curved-claw head because the claws will damage the wood, but it is possible to separate two nailed items with a curved-claw hammer when a straight-claw hammer is not available. a.Most construction and household hammers are claw hammers with heads weighing 7, 10, 13, 16, or 20 ounces. b.A 7-, 10-, or 13-ounce hammer is adequate for tacks, brads, and small finish nails c.16- and 20-ounce hammers are used for framing and roofing with 8-d (eight penny) nails or larger

15.  DoDon’t

16.  Most construction and household hammers are claw hammers with heads weighing 7, 10, 13, 16, or 20 ounces.  A 7-, 10-, or 13-ounce hammer is adequate for tacks, brads, and small finish nails  16- and 20-ounce hammers are used for framing and roofing with 8-d (eight penny) nails or larger

17.  Handle Lengths usually range from 10 inches (255 mm) to 16 inches (405mm) and are more commonly found in the 13/14 inch (330mm/353mm) length.  More recently the stubby handle hammer, at more than half the standard lengths, has been developed for very confined spaces.  Many consider a 14 inch (353mm) handle to be optimal as it balances the requirement of striking power from a longer handle with the accuracy delivered by a shorter handled hammer - accuracy can be fine-tuned by moving your grip up a longer handle but a short handle can’t be extended.

18.  Handle materials vary from the original wood handle to fiberglass, carbon fiber and steel.  Many believe the forged steel handle is the best material delivering strength, stiffness and durability.  Other materials have a tendency to loosen from or fray around the head.  Wood  Metal- carbon fiber and steel  Fiberglass

19.  Wear safety glasses at all times  To safely use a claw hammer, select the weight appropriate to the fastener to be struck.  Firmly grasp the lower half of the handle, slowly swing the head face, and touch the fastener head squarely to determine trajectory.

20.  Then swing the hammer with more force to drive the head into the wood.  Continue striking the fastener head squarely to drive it into the material.  Make sure your hand will not be struck by the hammer head or handle.

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