1. 1 AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 Luis A. Agudo Fernández AFTHAP CONFERENCE www.afthap.com REINFORCED AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PIPE, STEEL CYLINDER TYPE Module 3a: Tests on installed pipeline (summary)

2.  UNE-EN 805 Standard: Water supply.Requirements for systems and components outside buildings.  Instruction of the Eduardo Torroja Institute for reinforced or prestressed concrete pipes of Septiembre 2007 that follows and meets current European standards. AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 2 Standards

3.  Calculated water hammer: STP = MDP + 100 kPa = MDP + 1 atm  Not calculated water hammer the lowest of the following values: - STP = MDP x 1,5 - STP = MDP + 500 kPa = MDP + 0.5 atm AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 3 Not calculating the water hammer increases pipes, anchorages, enclosures and so, considerably TEST PRESSURE

4.  Water supply The amount of water that is neccessary to pump in order to hold the pressure for one hour is measured  Pressure loss The pressure loss is measured for one hour AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 4 Test methods

5. AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 5 The admissible value of the water supply, at the end of the test, must not exceed the value of DV max V --- volume of the pipeline stretch that is being tested in litres ∆p --- admissible pressure loss, in kPa (20 kPa) E w --- water modulus of elasticity, in kPa ID --- inside diameter of the pipe, in meters e --- pipe wall thickness, in meters E R --- tranversemodulus of elasticity of the pipe wall, in kPa 1,2 --- correction factor (for example for residual air) during the pressure main test Acceptance – reject criteria. Water supply method

6.  La duración de la prueba de caída de presión debe ser de 1 hora, o de mayor duración si así lo especifica el proyectista.  Durante la prueba, la caída de presión ∆P debe presentar una tendencia regresiva y al finalizar la primera hora no debe exceder de 20 kPa AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 6 Acceptance – reject criteria. Pressure drop method

7. AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 7 The test step by step

8. Type of pipe, material and joint Diameter Pressure Length of the test stretches constrution planning – logistics – temporal occupancy pressure variation inside the stretch water availability – water diversion between stretches leveraging of valves, definitive anchorages and so. hard searching of possible failures AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 8 Points of attention

9. Surge pressures and negative pressures, water hammer Air removal – provisional assembly Pipeline closing and trenche filling Anchorage of special elements (elbows, bifurcations, valves) AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 9 Test bulkheads and their anchorages Points of attention

10. AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 10

11.  Elements of anchorage laid out and with the proper safety  Air outlets operational (air valves can be removed during the filling of the pipe, not during the test)  Filling that favours, or at least that allows air exit (slow and from the bottom if possible)  Keep the pipe full and with pressure until concrete saturation (see tables of losses)  Control of anchorages during the test AFTHAP m3a abreviado 10.03 11 Test of a stretch