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Harvesting microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) for biofuel production using wastewater treatment techniques By Michael Fuad Need a goals section to explain my two goals, 1st to determine if effective, 2nd to determine optimum flocculation factors. Find a better way to explain the flocculation efficiency—just as I explain the graph Table on the first slide was confusing—the units, change to something like, for one year on a one acre farm, this much algae would be produced.
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Potential of Algae In these two diagrams, the red boxes indicate the area needed to produce an equivalent amount of biofuel, from soybeans and algae, respectively. This shows that algae is a more viable source of biofuel.
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Potential of Algae In these two diagrams, the red boxes indicate the area needed to produce an equivalent amount of biofuel, from soybeans and algae, respectively. This shows that algae is a more viable source of biofuel.
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Potential of Algae In these two diagrams, the red boxes indicate the area needed to produce an equivalent amount of biofuel, from soybeans and algae, respectively. This shows that algae is a more viable source of biofuel.
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Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Algae cultures Photo-bioreactions Harvested into algae concentrates Dried into algae powder Processed in soxhlet, oils extracted
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Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Algae cultures Photo-bioreactions Harvested into algae concentrates Dried into algae powder Processed in soxhlet, oils extracted
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Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Algae cultures Photo-bioreactions Harvested into algae concentrates Dried into algae powder Processed in soxhlet, oils extracted
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Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Algae cultures Photo-bioreactions Harvested into algae concentrates Dried into algae powder Processed in soxhlet, oils extracted
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Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Algae cultures Photo-bioreactions Harvested into algae concentrates Dried into algae powder Processed in soxhlet, oils extracted
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Complete Process Producing Biofuel
Algae cultures Photo-bioreactions Harvested into algae concentrates Dried into algae powder Processed in soxhlet, oils extracted Esterification produces biofuels
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What is the problem? Algae cost $20.00/gallon of biofuel
Furthermore, a significant part of that production cost is associated with harvesting microalgae
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Background 10 µm 10 µm Take a screen shot without the bottom bar.
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Background
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Background Alternative Harvesting Methods:
Ultrasonic separation—Bosma et al. (2003)
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Background Alternative Harvesting Methods: Ultrasonic separation
Froth flotation—Csordas et al. (2004)
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Background Alternative Harvesting Methods: Ultrasonic separation
Froth flotation Flocculation
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Background
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Background
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Background
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Background Water and Wastewater Technology by Hammer and Hammer (1996) explained flocculation
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Background A Lee et al. (2007)—algae are negatively charged microparticles
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Hypothesis I hypothesized that chemicals used in wastewater treatments could be used to flocculate microalgae
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Background Knuckey et al. (2006)—identified factors that affect flocculation, i.e. pH and dosage
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Goals Determine if flocculation is an effective alternative to centrifugation for harvesting C. reinhardtii from suspension; and Identify factors that optimize flocculation of C. reinhardtii in order to achieve harvesting efficiency that is similar to or better than centrifugation in preparation for biofuel production.
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Procedure Measure effectiveness of harvesting by flocculation using spectrophotometer, measuring optical density (absorbance)
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Materials: Ionic Compounds
Aluminum sulfate—Al2(SO4)3 Ferric chloride—FeCl3 Calcium carbonate—CaCO3 Ammonium sulfate—(NH4)2SO4
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Materials: Polyacrylamides
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Results
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Results
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Results
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Results
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Results: pH 3.00
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Results: pH 3.00
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Results: pH 3.00
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Conclusions Flocculation effectively harvests microalgae
The optimum flocculation technique is to use Clarifloc Polyacrylamide C-6288 at a pH of 3.00 and a dosage of g flocculant/g dry algae Since flocculation is more efficient than centrifugation, flocculation is a less expensive method of harvesting microalgae MAKING MICROALGAE A MORE VIABLE SOURCE OF BIOFUELS
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Limitations My research limited to a single species of algae
Flocculation factors might vary for different algae species Effect of chemicals on environment is experimentally unknown. However, theoretically, flocculation is safe for environment
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Future Work Engineer a continuous flocculation system
Apply the flocculation techniques to other microalgae species with potential
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Acknowledgements Dr. Roger Ruan Science Research Team Mrs. Fruen
Mr. Hall
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Harvesting microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) for biofuel production using wastewater treatment techniques By Michael Fuad Need a goals section to explain my two goals, 1st to determine if effective, 2nd to determine optimum flocculation factors. Find a better way to explain the flocculation efficiency—just as I explain the graph Table on the first slide was confusing—the units, change to something like, for one year on a one acre farm, this much algae would be produced.
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