1. World Meteorological Organization Working together in weather, climate and water WMO OMM WMO www.wmo.int CAgM Report to ICG-WIGOS-4 17 February 2015 The Commission for Agricultural Meteorology

2. WMO OMM 2 WIGOS Implications As END-USER COMMUNITY –Key source of diverse observations on weather, climate and water, which have been coordinated and sponsored by WMO –Overarching platform not only for enhancing existing observing systems, but also for triggering a coordinating mechanism at national/global levels –Provision of valuable outputs to user community via its WIR, on which CAgM can develop new AgMet services that requires near-/real time nowcasting As INFORMATION PROVIDER –Gap-filling of legacy observing systems for weather, climate, and water (GHG fluxes, phenology, soil moisture for LDAS, Ground Truth Info.) –Establishment of Core AgroMeteorological Reference Stations (CARS), capable of accommodating new AgroMeteorological elements and governance scheme –Strengthening of external partnerships with international entities to facilitate WIGOS implementations in agricultural monitoring (FAO, GEOSS, etc.) CAgM and WIGOS

3. WMO OMM 3 WIGOS & CAgM CAgM has benefited from diverse observations on weather, climate and water in facilitating service enhancement in the field of agricultural meteorology. WIGOS is emerging in a timely manner in this sense, and its framework is expected to provide an overarching platform not only for enhancing existing observing systems, but also for triggering the establishment of a national coordinating mechanism for AgMet observations and services As a core observation part of GFCS, WIGOS could bring a momentum of accelerated inter-disciplinary collaborations in AgroMeteorological observation and related services since GFCS should cover other disciplines, especially for sustainable agriculture & global food security issues, beyond weather, climate and water CAgM and WIGOS

4. WMO OMM 4 Contribution to WIGOS Potential contribution to WIGOS implementations –strengthen existing observation systems by incorporating newly emerging requirements like soil moisture, particularly to enhance supporting services for better climate change monitoring, e.g. phenology, GHG fluxes. –facilitating national integration of agrometeorological observation networks (NASNET) over institutions through joint operation/maintenance/governance. –mechanizing communication channels with potential partners/sponsors, inter alia, FAO (GTOS), GEOSS (GEO- GLAM), UNCCD, NASA(NEX), ISB(PC) CAgM and WIGOS

5. WMO OMM 5 Status & Plan Core AgroMeteorology Reference Station (CARS) CAgM is proposing to establish another level of AgroMeteorological station at the national level over the current three categories of agrometeorological stations : Principal, Ordinary, and Extraordinary stations. -CARS should be capable of accommodating new AgroMeteorological elements, including soil moisture, phenology and GHG flux together with important ground truth information such as radiation reflectance corresponding to promising RS-based monitoring for AgroMeteorolgy could be tentatively named as Core AgroMeteorological Reference Station (CARS). CAgM and WIGOS

6. WMO OMM 6 Status & Plan NASNET : National AgroMeteorology Network (AGMP) -WIGOS Framework provides an overarching platform not only for enhancing existing observing systems, but also for triggering the establishment of a national/global coordinating mechanism as a new governance structure through joint collaborations among institutions/entities. -These are associated with domestic agrometeorological observations/services within the Member countries, by facilitating national integration of AgroMeteorological observation networks over institutions associated with AgroMeteorology through joint operation / maintenance / governance activities. CAgM and WIGOS

7. WMO OMM 7 Status & Plan Supplemental Rain Gauges -Based on the Roving Seminars in West Africa, discussions were held among CIMO, CCl, CHy and CAgM on developing guidelines for simple rain gauges(JEG-CFW, Korea, November 2013. -The key points stressed during initial discussions were weather and climate services, observations, phenology and drought. The group agreed on the need to promote the use of simple raingauges used in the Roving Seminars in Weather, Climate and Farmers. CCl proposed good metrics for the accomplishment and implementation of a pilot project for demonstrative activity in a suitable region. CAgM and WIGOS

8. WMO OMM 8 Status & Plan GAPON (Global Alliance of Phenology Observation Networks) -The proposed actions were to create a CAgM-CCl joint ET on Phenology, including close collaboration with the ISB Phenology Commission. -The 1 st Steering Committee meeting was convened on Nov. 17 2014 in Jeju, CAgM and WIGOS

9. WMO OMM 9 Status & Plan GHG Flux monitoring : -Several Commissions have proposed to work together on the issue expanding WMO GHG Bulletin on the of improved CO 2 measurements. CAS and CAgM are exploring a workshop in 2015 on CO 2 flux measurements which would explore future collaborations. -A couple of scientists from AsiaFlux or relevant flux projects will be invited as representatives from CAgM both for GHG flux monitoring and for WIGOS metadata (tentatively Chair of AsiaFlux, Dr. Akira MIYATA from Japan). CAgM and WIGOS

10. WMO OMM 10 Status & Plan Interface to GEO for Planet Observation Information As GEOSS becomes an active component of Earth System science, non-meteorological information sharing should also be considered seriously under the umbrella of WIS/WIGOS if WMO desires play a leading role of data/information Hub for GFCS implementations in the future. -WIS/WIGOS should accelerate its implementation at operational level with the full support by legacy and leading edge technologies, particularly that can be easily extendable and applicable to sharing of diverse types of information from GEOSS. -WIS/GCI expert meetings were frequently convened. Total 15 were participated while representing 10 associated entities from WMO/GEO/IEEE, OGC, USGS, ESRI, etc. CAgM and WIGOS

11. WMO OMM 11 WAMIS II with GEO As a part of WAMIS phase II implementation, its numbers and functions are currently expanding -WAMIS nodes (servers) are expected to be added in RAIII(Brazil), RAV(Australia), while for RA I virtual WAMIS will be established until host countries are identified while sharing infrastructure of WAMIS-DCPC at KMA. -WAMIS-DCPC being established by KMA with metadata construction on WAMIS. -GISC-Seoul has been working together with WMO WIS and GEO-Portal (GCI) to establish DAB between WIS/GCI to support CAgM activities, being assisted by DWD WIS team. Status & Plan CAgM and WIGOS

12. WMO OMM 12 Status & Plan CAgM FOCUS AREA II: Science and Technology for Agricultural Meteorology (new MG Structure) -The thematic areas of FOCUS AREA II include observations, research, agro-modeling and prediction applications, including Decision Support Systems, RS, GIS, crop phenology, animal biometeorology and IT for climate services to agriculture, and agribusiness to meet operational requirements for both agricultural users at the regional levels and WMO global systems (WIS, WIGOS and GFCS etc). -Phenology, Soil Moisture, Leaf Wetness, Forecasting Support for WIS, WIGOS CAgM and WIGOS

13. WMO OMM 13 Other topics Establishment of Global Technology Consortium for High Resolution Applied Meteorological Service Technology -Diverse downscaling technologies for in-situ, monitoring, RS, predictions over the world have been made to meet the user requirements for higher resolutions in time, space and element in the disciplines of Applied Meteorology -POTENTIAL PARTNERS GridMET (NUIST, China) : Xinfa QIU Real-time Downscaling : Grid-RD (PKNU, Korea), Jaiho OH Digital Climate Map (SNU/NCAM, Korea), Byong LEE HR-AgMet : KLAPS (KMA/NIMR, Korea) Kyurang KIM Uncoupled Surface Model (Nanowx ， USA ） Matt Haugland (TBD)Synthetic Observations (EC, Canada) (TBD) (ASU, USA) Ben RUDDELL - Technology Workshop Meteorological Information Downscaling Skills for Applied Meteorology (end of April, 2015, NUIST, China) CAgM and WIGOS

14. WMO OMM 14 Challenges Global Research Challenges -Carbon/Water footprints under present & future climate conditions -Interaction mechanism between AgroEcosystem & Climate system -Long-term feedback of AgroEcosystem to Climate system -Cross-cutting impact assessment for Adaptation/Mitigation strategies -Implications of Socio-, Economic- and Policy aspects Increase Agromet Data/Stations to WIGOS CAgM and WIGOS

15. WMO OMM CAgM and WIGOS 15 Thank you for attention! Happy New Year!