1. Remote Sensing Systems Thaddeus Lowe’s BalloonThaddeus Lowe’s Balloon Corona SystemCorona System Electro-optical systems (Landsat, Terra,Electro-optical systems (Landsat, Terra, AVHRR, SeaWiFS, GOES, VCL, etc.) Balloon, telescope, telegraphBalloon, telescope, telegraph Space craft, camera, film dropSpace craft, camera, film drop Space craft, scanner or push broom instrument, digital transmissionSpace craft, scanner or push broom instrument, digital transmission Platform, sensing device, data transmission

2. U-2 Spy Plane 1954-1960 Flew at 70,000’ over USSR air defenses

4. U-2 Spy Plane 1955-1960 Mr. Powers shot down over USSR in 1960 Mr. Gary Powers, after release from Lubianka

5. CIA’s Corona Program CIA’s Corona Program 1960-1972 >100 missions Followed after U-2s… Platform: Spacecraft Sensor: Camera Data System: Film Drop Started: August 1960 Coverage: 7.6 Bil mi 2 Spatial Resolution: early missions @ 13 m, later missions @ 2 m Spectral Resolution: visible and visible-near infrared (both film) Radiometric Resolution: equivalent 2 4 to 2 6 (4 to 6 bits)

6. CIA’s Corona Program reentry with air capture

7. CIA’s Corona Program

8. CIA’s Corona Program Washington Monument 1967

9. CIA’s Corona Program Lop Nor - Chinese A-bomb test site 1964

10. 1968 USA Corona Coverage

11. Corona Single Mission Coverage Emphasis on Communist Block 10-14 day missions Mecca

12. Declassified Corona Images Film strips ordered from USGS Digitized Analyzed in Adobe PS “Full” Resolution (10-20 m) Film strip

13. 1960 Corona Staffing for Analyses

14. Gen. Osmond Ritland & film pod Rocket motors to prevent pod burn up on reentry Later replaced with pressure gas jets

15. Dolon Airbase; Corona 8/20/1966 FH-4A Mission 1036

16. Dolon Airbase; Corona 8/20/19066 full-resolution ~5m panchromatic

17. Corona Looks at Kremlin 1965

18. Corona Looks at Kremlin in 1960 Red Square Lenin’s tomb Line to view stiff Kremlin wall Gum Dept. Store

19. Corona views the Pentagon 1962

20. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1969 Twin launch towers Kerosene & oxygen fuel tanks Support structures

21. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1969 Twin launch complexes

22. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1970 Rocket on launch pad Launch tower Support structures

23. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1970 Massive Explosion As before

24. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Before 1969 explosion After 1969 explosion

25. Corona over New London 1967

26. Corona over New London 1967 Full Resolution

27. Books about Corona Program

28. Corona spies on the Romans Circa 100 A.D. Syria

29. Corona camera operation Corona Film Strip

30. Corona camera operation Corona Film Strip

31. Corona Program De-orbiting

32. Corona Parachute Deployment

33. Corona Recovery Process

34. Corona Recovery Aircraft

35. Corona Reentry Pod Acquistion

36. Corona Recovery Deployment

37. Corona Reentry Overview

38. Corona’s First Mission August 1960 ~13 m spatial resolution

39. Corona Specifications 1960 1972 ? Agena 3rd stage: 60” diameter 4 to 20 ‘ long Dry Weight: 800 to 1120 pounds Orbit: Sun synchronous, 500 km

40. “Hot Spot” Intelligence 1967 Arab-Israeli War 10 m spatial resolution