1. Aristotle’s Methods of Rhetoric: Ethos Barry 2010

2. Aristotle’s Methods of Rhetoric Ethos: the characteristic of credibility emanated by a speaker Pathos: persuasion through emotional appeal Logos: persuasion through use of logic Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

3. Ethos Which imaginary statement would you be more likely to believe? 1.“Changes in professional football are producing a faster, more pass-oriented game.” (Peyton Manning) 2.“Changes in professional football are producing a slower, more run-oriented game.” (Hillary Clinton) Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

4. Ethos Which imaginary statement would you be more likely to believe? 1.“We can expect more female candidates for President in the foreseeable future.” (Hillary Clinton 2.“We will not have more female candidates for President in the foreseeable future.” (Peyton Manning) Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

5. Ethos A speaker’s ethos has to do with credibility: the audience’s perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic The two major factors influencing a speaker’s credibility are 1. Competence 2. Character Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

6. Ethos The two major factors influencing a speaker’s credibility are 1. Competence 2. Character Competence: how an audience regards a speaker’s intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the subject Character: how an audience regards a speaker’s sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the well-being of the audience Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

7. Enhancing Your Ethos Build credibility by: 1. explaining your competence 2. establishing common ground with your audience 3. delivering your speech fluently, expressively, and with conviction The first two occur during your introduction, and the third happens throughout your speech. Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

8. 1. Explaining your competence You may choose to explain your research or personal experiences that make you qualified to speak on your topic. Example 1: Research Example 2: Personal experience Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

9. 2. Establishing common ground Creating common ground: a technique in which a speaker connects himself or herself with the values, attitudes, or experiences of the audience Example 3 Example 4 Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas

10. 3. Fluency, expressiveness, and conviction If your delivery is effective, you will gain credibility Show confidence as you speak! Act like you know what you are talking about! President Harry Truman said that in speaking, “sincerity, honestly, and a straightforward manner are more important than special talent or polish.” Adapted from The Art of Public Speaking by Stephen E. Lucas