1. A Writing Framework for the Secondary Social Studies Classroom
The PEA Strategy

2. Adapting the strategy to fit student needs?
Generative questions:
How can I get students to write more?
How can I get students to use more analysis in their writing?
How can I improve student organization?
How can I improve the clarity of student writing?

3. Guiding principles – students’ needs
Students will need…
to write with a purpose in mind.
a defined process for writing.
a framework for complete writing.

4. How do we get from here to there?

5. Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD)
Explicit instruction of a strategy for a particular writing purpose that breaks down a larger writing task into concrete, manageable parts.
Use of mnemonics to support memory retention of the strategy parts.
Field-tested within an RTI framework
Whole group
Small group and one-to-one
(Graham & Harris, 2003; Mason et al., 2011)

6. Research Support for SRSD
Over 40 studies using the SRSD model of instruction have been reported (elementary through high school)
Significant findings in four main aspects of student performance:
Quality of writing
Knowledge of writing
Approach to writing
Self-efficacy
Meaningful and sustained improvements found with a variety of students including students in content areas as well as with students with learning and/or emotional/behavior difficulties
(Graham & Perin, 2006)

7. Key Components of SRSD Instruction
Gradual Release of Responsibility Model (GRRM)
Stage 1: Discuss it (mnemonic parts)
Stage 2: Model it (think-alouds; using examples of exemplar work)
Stage 3: Memorize it (reviewing the mnemonic)
Stage 4: Support it (use scaffolding; critical and longest stage)
Stage 5: Independent performance (goal: “covert” self-instruction)
Graham and Harris (2003)

8. Result: An Adaptation of SRSD
The PEA strategy:
Point
Evidence
Analysis

9. How did I embed the Key Components of SRSD into the “PEA” Strategy Writing Intervention?

10. Journals, Content, Writing

11. Let’s Try it…
Using the highlighting strategy we are going to practice “Points” practice
PEA strategy in practice

12. Thank you!
Contact Information:
Chris Sielaff, Binghamton High School
Erin Washburn, Binghamton University