1. Mehmed VI, the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

3.  Diverse Empire  Turks, Kurds, Arabs, Armenians, Greeks, and others depending on the time period.  Muslims, Christians, Jews

4.  Joined the war on the side of Germany  Strong economic ties to Germany ◦ Berlin/Baghdad Railroad

6.  Treaty between the allied powers and the Ottomans.  Abolished the Ottoman Empire  Turkey had to give up vast areas of land and allow for British, French, Italian, and Greek occupation.

8.  Map of Turkey as divided up by the Treaty of Sevre. Map of Turkey as divided up by the Treaty of Sevre.

9.  Ottoman lands and what Turkish nationalists had come to consider their homeland was being partitioned.  Losing land and power.  Ottoman Sultan held in custody by the allies at this time and power over the country begins to shift to the resistance movement and their “Grand National Assembly.”

10.  Anger over the treaty and the encroachment of other nations on Turkish areas helps to fuel support for the nationalist movement.  War breaks out between Turkish nationalist forces and Armenians, Greeks, and the French.  All of which have been granted territory in areas considered Turkish by the Treaty of Sevre.  Map of war fronts Map of war fronts