1. NIST Standards Education Dynamic Spectrum Access Standards Martin BH Weiss School of Information Sciences University of Pittsburgh mbw@pitt.edu

2. Overview Overview of DSA standardization Introduction to the IEEE P1900 family of standards 2 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

3. Learning Objectives After completing this module, you should be able to Explain why standards are sometimes developed in advance of the market Describe the role of other international standards setting bodies in DSA Describe the IEEE P1900 committee’s approach to standards Describe the principal features of P1900.1, P1900.2, P1900.4 and P1900.5 3 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

4. Some DSA standards requirements Sensing-based approaches Communication standards for cooperating radios/sensors Measurement standards Database approaches Communication standards Database API standards Cooperative approaches Communication standards Protocol standards for negotiation Behavioral norms for DSA system participants 4 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

5. Why study DSA standards? An example of standardization activities that lead the market The use of standards to reduce uncertainties for equipment manufacturers, service providers, regulators and end users 5 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

6. Some DSA standardization activities European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS) technical committee Cognitive pilot channel IETF White spaces database discovery PAWS – Protocol to Access White Spaces IEEE Committee P1900 Committee 802 6 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

7. DSA standardization timeline 7 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

8. P1900 Standards Generally oriented toward different DSA approaches P1900.1 and.2 are more generic New DSA approaches would imply different P1900 standards P1900.1 – Definitions P1900.2 – Analysis Techniques P1900.4 – Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) P1900.5 – Language and Architecture for Policy Based DSA P1900.6 – Sensing Interfaces P1900.7 – Whitespaces PHY and MAC 8 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

9. P1900.1 Definitions Originally finalized in 2008; updated to P1900.1a in 2012 The purpose is to have a common language for describing DSA systems, components, relationships, etc. 9 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

10. P1900.2 Managing interference is critical to DSA P1900.2 provides guidelines on how to perform an interference analysis Regulators value a standardized approach to computing interference 10 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

11. P1900.2 Types of interference 11 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

12. P1900.2 Computing interference Interference is highly situation-specific, so scenarios are needed for context Note that this standard is geared to producing reports The “Clauses” refer to the appropriate sections of the P1900.2 standard 12 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

13. P1900.4 – Heterogeneous Networks Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) describe sharing situations when systems employing different technologies (e.g., air interfaces) share spectrum Defines an architecture, entities and interfaces to facilitate this sharing HetNets are an important emerging application, for example, in the deployment of femtocells 13 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

14. P1900.4 entities and relationships 14 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

15. P1900.5 Policy-based DSA Unlike P1900.4, which is oriented toward decentralized decisionmaking, policy-based DSA is designed to ensure that sharing takes place according to a pre-established policy framework The policy framework can vary according to sharing situation Policy frameworks can be established by license holders, regulatory bodies, industry associations, etc. 15 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

16. P1900.5 System context 16 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)

17. Summary and conclusion Spectrum sharing is an emerging requirement in wireless systems Standards are being developed to facilitate the emergence of systems that use spectrum sharing technologies Numerous approaches exist to enabling spectrum sharing In the IEEE, Committee P1900 has established different standards for each approach to sharing 17 Cognitive Radio Standards (IEEE P1900)