1. Focus On Grammar Book 2, 5th edition
Lesson 4:
Possessives
Possessive Questions
Object Pronouns

2. 4.1 – Possessive Nouns Singular possessive  + ’s
Celine’s car, Lewis’s wife, the student’s book
Plural possessive s + ’
Irregular plurals  + ’s
(unless the irregular has an s) the {axisaxes} centers
The nuclei’s neutrons, the data’s conclusion, the sheep’s horns, the mice’s teeth
Men, women, children, oxen

3. 4.1 – Possessive Nouns Inanimate objects
Book says use of the , not ’s
I say that you can use the church’s door, the dress’s front, the frog’s leg, the table’s leg
I’ve never heard this rule before.

4. 4.2 – Possessive Adjectives
Singular
Plural
1st
My dog is happy.
My dogs are happy.
Our dog is happy.
Our dogs are happy.
2nd
Your dog is happy.
Your dogs are happy.
3rd
His, her, its* dog is happy.
His, her, its* dogs are happy.
Their dog is happy.
Their dogs are happy.
These ADJECTIVES describe nouns,
and the verb must agree with the SUBJECT NOUN.
Confused about it’s and its?
FORGET about the table’s leg  Its book
REMEMBER
Lewis’s book  His book
I’m, you’re, he’s, she’s it’s
my, your, his, our, its

5. 4.2 Pos. Adj. Note use of multiple possessives on page 119
My brother’s wife’s father’s car’s tire was flat.

6. 4.3 Possessive PRONOUNS SINGULAR SUBJECT OBJECT POS. ADJ. POS. PRO.
1ST I ME MY
MINE
2ND
YOU
YOUR
YOURS
3RD
HE, SHE, IT
HIM, HER, IT
HIS, HER, ITS
HIS, HERS, ?ITS?
PLURAL WE US
OUR
OURS
THEY
THEM
THEIR
THEIRS

7. 4.4 – Possessive Questions with WHOSE
Same rules as before, except the noun moves with the WH word (whose)
(remember, subject questions are easy)
Jasvir’s pen fell on the floor yesterday.
Jasvir’s, Jasvir’s pen, Y/N, on the floor
Lewis#2 used Jasvir’s pen yesterday.
Subject, Y/N, Jasvir’s, Jasvir’s pen, when

8. 4.5 OBJECT PRONOUNS SINGULAR SUBJECT OBJECT POS. ADJ. POS. PRO. 1ST IME MY
MINE
2ND
YOU
YOUR
YOURS
3RD
HE, SHE, IT
HIM, HER, IT
HIS, HER, ITS
HIS, HERS, ?ITS?
PLURAL WE US
OUR
OURS
THEY
THEM
THEIR
THEIRS

9. 4.6 Direct and Indirect Objects
The receiver of the action (made what? Brought what?
He made a hamburger (for me).
He brought a book (to/for me).
Object of the preposition or indirect object? Pattern B
INDIRECT
TO or FOR someone
He made me a hamburger.
He brought me a book.

10. 4.6 Indirect Objects
Don’t use an indirect object (pattern A) if the direct object is a pronoun.
[Latifa gave Gyeongmin it.]
Only use indirect objects with (some?) verbs about transferring something between people.
He cooked me a hamburger.
He taught me English grammar.
He told me a story.

11. 4.8 Reflexive Pronouns Reflection = what you see in a mirror.
They see themselves.
I wash myself.
He hurt himself.

12. 4.3 Possessive PRONOUNS SINGULAR SUBJECT OBJECT REFLEXIVE 1ST I ME
MYSELF
2ND
YOU
YOURSELF
3RD
HE, SHE, IT
HIM, HER, IT
HIMSELF, HERSELF, ITSELF
PLURAL WE US
OURSELVES
YOURSELVES
THEY
THEM
THEMSELVES

13. 4.9 - Questions DUHHH!!! YOU KNOW THIS!!!
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